{"id":9,"date":"2025-03-04T11:01:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T09:01:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diaspora.arhivi.lv\/sievietestrimda\/?page_id=9"},"modified":"2025-07-08T09:30:07","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T06:30:07","slug":"personibas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/diaspora.arhivi.lv\/sievietestrimda\/index.php\/personibas\/","title":{"rendered":"Latvie\u0161u sieviete trimd\u0101"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Otr\u0101 pasaules kara beig\u0101s, Padomju armijai atk\u0101rtoti ien\u0101kot Latvij\u0101, vair\u0101ki simti t\u016bksto\u0161i latvie\u0161u dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s pretim nezin\u0101mai n\u0101kotnei. Kara ne\u017e\u0113l\u012bbu un t\u0101 nesto postu sevi\u0161\u0137i smagi n\u0101c\u0101s piedz\u012bvot sievietei \u2013 t\u0101s bija briesmas un izmisums, kas p\u0101rdz\u012bvots par b\u0113rniem un pieder\u012bgajiem kara lauk\u0101, r\u016bpes par kara sadz\u012bvi \u0123imen\u0113 un sabiedriskaj\u0101 darb\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b emocion\u0101li un fiziski smagas b\u0113g\u013cu gaitas. Vair\u0101kum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu sievietes b\u0113ga ar b\u0113rniem, pieder\u012bgajiem gados vai vienas pa\u0161as, jo v\u012brie\u0161i bija iesaukti v\u0101cu armij\u0101 vai latvie\u0161u le\u0123iona rind\u0101s, kritu\u0161i vai piedz\u012bvoju\u0161i represijas no padomju vai v\u0101cu okup\u0101cijas var\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Latvie\u0161u sievie\u0161u l\u016bgumi Latvijas Sarkanajam krustam p\u0113c materi\u0101l\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nok\u013cuvu\u0161i V\u0101cij\u0101, latvie\u0161u b\u0113g\u013ci dz\u012bvoja b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113s, kur\u0101s bie\u017ei bija necilv\u0113c\u012bgi apst\u0101k\u013ci. Ta\u010du, neraugoties uz gr\u016bt\u012bb\u0101m, sievietes turpin\u0101ja g\u0101d\u0101t par \u0123imen\u0113m, saglab\u0101t valodu, trad\u012bcijas un cer\u012bbu par atgrie\u0161anos Latvij\u0101. Noz\u012bm\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s latvie\u0161u trimdas organiz\u0101cijas un redzam\u0101kie trimdas darbinieki deklar\u0113ja divus lielus pamatuzdevumus un m\u0113r\u0137us latvie\u0161u trimdas sabiedr\u012bbai \u2013 c\u012b\u0146u par dzimtenes atbr\u012bvo\u0161anu un latvie\u0161u dz\u012bv\u0101 sp\u0113ka saglab\u0101\u0161anu n\u0101kotnei. \u0122imene k\u013cuva par tautas dro\u0161o pamatu, un sievietes tika aicin\u0101tas par galveno priorit\u0101ti izvirz\u012bt \u0123imenes dz\u012bvi un b\u0113rnu audzin\u0101\u0161anu latvisk\u0101 gar\u0101. Tas bija svar\u012bgi ne vien sievietes person\u012bg\u0101s dz\u012bves piepild\u012bjumam, bet ar\u012b visai latvie\u0161u tautai un t\u0101s dz\u012bvotsp\u0113jai sve\u0161um\u0101. \u0100rpus \u0123imenes latvie\u0161u sievietes izr\u0101d\u012bja interesi un akt\u012bvi l\u012bdzdarboj\u0101s sabiedriskaj\u0101 darb\u0101. Sievietes g\u0101d\u0101ja pal\u012bdz\u012bbu latvie\u0161u karag\u016bstek\u0146iem Rietumu sabiedroto g\u016bstek\u0146u nometn\u0113s, darboj\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu apg\u0101des organiz\u0101cij\u0101s, da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s d\u0101mu komitej\u0101s, rado\u0161i sevi izpauda koros, tautisko deju kop\u0101s, te\u0101tru grup\u0101s, sar\u012bkojumos un cita veida pas\u0101kumos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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P\u0113c latvie\u0161u izce\u013co\u0161anas no b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113m uz jaunaj\u0101m m\u012btnes zem\u0113m latvie\u0161u sievietes dz\u012bve atkar\u012bb\u0101 no dz\u012bvesvietas, paaudzes un soci\u0101l\u0101s lomas palika izaicin\u0101jumiem pilna. Lai sa\u0146emtu at\u013cauju past\u0101v\u012bgai dz\u012bvei attiec\u012bgaj\u0101 valst\u012b, piem\u0113ram, ASV, Kan\u0101d\u0101, Lielbrit\u0101nij\u0101, Austr\u0101lij\u0101, b\u0113g\u013ci bija spiesti piekrist vald\u012bbas noteiktiem darba l\u012bgumiem. \u0160ie l\u012bgumi paredz\u0113ja vismaz divu gadu ilgu darbu \u2013 bie\u017ei vien fiziski smagos un mazkvalific\u0113tos amatos. Sievietes p\u0101rsvar\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101ja r\u016bpn\u012bc\u0101s, lauku saimniec\u012bb\u0101s, slimn\u012bc\u0101s par m\u0101su pal\u012bdz\u0113m vai bija kalpot\u0101jas tur\u012bg\u0101s \u0123imen\u0113s. P\u0113c darba l\u012bgumu izpildes cilv\u0113kiem bija iesp\u0113ja p\u0101rcelties uz citu pils\u0113tu, main\u012bt darbu, stud\u0113t, apvienoties ar \u0123imen\u0113m un veidot patst\u0101v\u012bgu dz\u012bvi. Sieviet\u0113m \u0161is posms bija s\u0101kums jaunam dz\u012bves etapam. Vi\u0146as ne tikai pier\u0101d\u012bja savu sp\u0113ju izdz\u012bvot sve\u0161\u0101 vid\u0113, bet ar\u012b s\u0101ka veidot stabilu pamatu latvie\u0161u kopien\u0101m \u0101rzem\u0113s. Daudzas sievietes turpin\u0101ja izgl\u012bt\u012bbu vai p\u0101rkvalific\u0113j\u0101s. Popul\u0101r\u0101k\u0101s profesijas bija skolot\u0101jas, \u0101rstes, bibliotek\u0101res, da\u017e\u0101du akad\u0113misko un m\u0101kslas jomu p\u0101rst\u0101ves. Sievietes s\u0101ka ie\u0146emt arvien noz\u012bm\u012bg\u0101ku lomu latvie\u0161u sabiedriskaj\u0101 dz\u012bv\u0113. Pirmaj\u0101s trimdas desmitgad\u0113s sabiedriskaj\u0101 lauk\u0101 p\u0101rsvar\u0101 izvirz\u012bj\u0101s v\u012brie\u0161i, bet no 20. gs. 70. gadiem reti vairs bija k\u0101da joma vai organiz\u0101cija, kur sievietes neie\u0146emtu redzamu vietu, piem\u0113ram, Latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101laj\u0101 padom\u0113, Amerikas Latvie\u0161u apvien\u012bb\u0101, Daugavas Vanagos u. c., un bija tuvu tam, lai v\u012brie\u0161u p\u0101rzi\u0146\u0101 paliktu vien Daugavas Vanagu \u0161au\u0161anas sekcija. Sievietes nebaid\u012bj\u0101s b\u016bt politiski akt\u012bvas, veicot politisko lobiju (v\u0113stules Rietumu politi\u0137iem, dal\u012bba demonstr\u0101cij\u0101s u. c.), izplatot inform\u0101ciju par okup\u0113to Latviju (tulkoja, rakst\u012bja pres\u0113, r\u012bkoja konferences un diskusijas, atmaskoja PSRS propagandu u. tml.). Sievietes bie\u017ei bija \u201cklus\u0101s l\u012bderes\u201d \u2013 organiz\u0113ja, rakst\u012bja, koordin\u0113ja, ta\u010du ne vienm\u0113r bija publiski redzamas. Nacion\u0101lo identit\u0101ti un mor\u0101lo pien\u0101kumu sievietes \u012bpa\u0161i izpauda kult\u016bras jom\u0101, darbojoties da\u017e\u0101dos pa\u0161darb\u012bbas kolekt\u012bvos, organiz\u0113jot un piedaloties Dziesmu sv\u0113tkos, uzturot un organiz\u0113jot m\u0101c\u012bbu procesu latvie\u0161u skoli\u0146\u0101s un daudz\u0101s cit\u0101s sf\u0113r\u0101s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sievie\u0161u solidariz\u0113\u0161an\u0101s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sevi\u0161\u0137i liela loma procesu virz\u012bb\u0101 sve\u0161um\u0101 bija tautie\u0161u da\u017e\u0101da veida organiz\u0101cij\u0101m. Ar\u012b sievietes apjauta savu sp\u0113ku un potenci\u0101lu, pulc\u0113joties organiz\u0101cij\u0101s, ko veidoja tie\u0161i sievietes. Viena no popul\u0101r\u0101kaj\u0101m organiz\u0101cij\u0101m bija Daugavas Vanadzes \u2013 sievie\u0161u pal\u012bgdarb\u012bbas organiz\u0101cija, kas sadarboj\u0101s ar biju\u0161o latvie\u0161u le\u0123ion\u0101ru atbalsta organiz\u0101ciju Daugavas Vanagi. Vanadzes bija akt\u012bvas pal\u012bdz\u012bbas snieg\u0161an\u0101 kara veter\u0101niem, nodarboj\u0101s ar latvisk\u0101s identit\u0101tes saglab\u0101\u0161anu n\u0101kamaj\u0101m paaudz\u0113m, organiz\u0113ja vasaras nometnes un kult\u016bras pas\u0101kumus. Viena no pirmaj\u0101m, kas apzin\u0101j\u0101s latvie\u0161u sievietes noz\u012bmi latvie\u0161u tautas smagaj\u0101s dien\u0101s sve\u0161um\u0101 un lika pamatus vanad\u017eu darb\u012bbai bija Marija \u0136e\u0146\u0123e (dz. Ozoli\u0146a), kas p\u0113c b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113m V\u0101cij\u0101 bija iebraukusi Anglij\u0101. 1950. gadu s\u0101kum\u0101 Anglij\u0101 atrad\u0101s apm\u0113ram 20 000 latvie\u0161u trimdinieku. Daudziem tuvinieki bija paliku\u0161i V\u0101cijas slimn\u012bc\u0101s un sanatorij\u0101s. Tiem bija nepiecie\u0161ama pal\u012bdz\u012bba medikamentu, ap\u0123\u0113rbu un citu lietu sag\u0101d\u0101\u0161an\u0101. \u0160o pal\u012bdz\u012bbu organiz\u0113t un \u012bstenot s\u0101ka neliela grupi\u0146a latvie\u0161u Marijas \u0136e\u0146\u0123es vad\u012bb\u0101 London\u0101 sadarb\u012bb\u0101 ar Daugavas Vanagu noda\u013cu. Tie\u0161i latviet\u0113m bija viegl\u0101k piek\u013c\u016bt ang\u013cu pal\u012bdz\u012bbas iest\u0101d\u0113m un darbiniekiem un g\u016bt tur atbalstu un atsauc\u012bbu. Darbs un t\u0101 sekmes liecin\u0101ja, ka ce\u013c\u0161 ir pareizs. London\u0101 s\u0101ka darboties d\u0101mu komiteja, ko p\u0101rd\u0113v\u0113ja par Vanad\u017eu komiteju, bet v\u0113l\u0101k par Vanad\u017eu kopu. Daugavas Vanagu vad\u012bba ar Vili Janumu priek\u0161gal\u0101 atzina, ka sievietes vanadzes darbs ir nepiecie\u0161ams atbalsts visai organiz\u0101cijai. Pateicoties Marijas \u0136e\u0146\u0123es lielaj\u0101m sp\u0113j\u0101m izk\u0101rtot vanad\u017eu darba administrat\u012bvo pusi un rast arvien jaunas ierosmes, no apm\u0113ram 20 vanadz\u0113m 1952. gad\u0101 London\u0101 dr\u012bz izauga vair\u0101k k\u0101 3000 vanad\u017eu liels pulks vis\u0101s Daugavas Vanagu zem\u0113s – ASV, Kan\u0101d\u0101, Rietumv\u0101cij\u0101, Zviedrij\u0101 un Austr\u0101lij\u0101 -, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di k\u013c\u016bstot par latvie\u0161u sievie\u0161u liel\u0101ko organiz\u0113to kop\u012bbu \u0101rzem\u0113s. Ar\u012b darb\u012bbas lauks papla\u0161in\u0101j\u0101s – vanadzes s\u0101ka veikt Daugavas Vanagu pien\u0101kumus un amatus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neizpalieko\u0161as bija ar\u012b starpkaru Latvij\u0101 dibin\u0101t\u0101s studen\u0161u korpor\u0101cijas, kas trimd\u0101 atjaunoja darb\u012bbu un turpin\u0101ja ap sevi pulcin\u0101t latvie\u0161u studentes. Past\u0101v\u0113ja ar\u012b da\u017e\u0101di latvie\u0161u sievie\u0161u klubi un komitejas, kas nereti darboj\u0101s pie latvie\u0161u draudz\u0113m un biedr\u012bb\u0101m attiec\u012bgaj\u0101 valst\u012b. Vienojo\u0161ais m\u0113r\u0137is t\u0101m liel\u0101koties bija kult\u016bras un valodas saglab\u0101\u0161ana, labdar\u012bba, sievie\u0161u ties\u012bbas un izgl\u012bt\u012bba, atbalsts Latvijas neatkar\u012bbas atg\u016b\u0161anas centienos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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V\u0113l viena noz\u012bm\u012bga sievie\u0161u organiz\u0101cija trimd\u0101 bija Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padome, kas nepeln\u012bti palikusi v\u0113stures \u0113n\u0101. T\u0101 dibin\u0101ta 1947. gada 8. mart\u0101 Eslingen\u0113 V\u0101cij\u0101. Konferenc\u0113 piedal\u012bj\u0101s 93 deleg\u0101tes no 50 nometn\u0113m. T\u0101 bija pirm\u0101 t\u0101da veida san\u0101ksme trimd\u0101. Prezidij\u0101 iev\u0113l\u0113ja tr\u012bs personas no katras taut\u012bbas – Malle Jurma (Igaunija), Tekla Erdmanis Endzi\u0146a (Latvija), Birute Novickis (Lietuva). L\u012bdz ar straujo emigr\u0101ciju 1950. gad\u0101 padomes s\u0113deklis tika p\u0101rcelts uz \u0145ujorku, turpinot organiz\u0101cijas galvenos m\u0113r\u0137us \u2013 c\u012bn\u012bties par Baltijas tautu br\u012bv\u012bbas atg\u016b\u0161anu un nacion\u0101li etnisk\u0101s kult\u016bras un m\u0101kslas v\u0113rt\u012bbu saglab\u0101\u0161anu. Kan\u0101d\u0101 jau past\u0101v\u0113ja Baltijas Tautu feder\u0101cija, kas 1952. gada pavasar\u012b ierosin\u0101ja dibin\u0101t Baltijas Sievie\u0161u komiteju. Kad Baltie\u0161u nacion\u0101l\u0101 apvien\u012bba Kan\u0101d\u0101 izraudz\u012bja p\u0101rst\u0101ves iecer\u0113tajai komitejai, to vid\u016b bija locekles, kas piedal\u012bj\u0101s jau Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padomes dibin\u0101\u0161an\u0101 V\u0101cij\u0101 \u2013 latviete Angelika Gail\u012bte, igauniete Johanna Petsa (P\u00e4ts<\/em>) un lietuviete Em\u012blija Jurkeviciene. \u0160\u012bs tr\u012bs dibin\u0101t\u0101jas v\u0113l\u0101k tika iev\u0113l\u0113tas par padomes goda prezident\u0113m. Pirmaj\u0101 Baltijas sievie\u0161u san\u0101ksm\u0113 1952. gada mart\u0101 Sv. Andreja bazn\u012bcas telp\u0101s nol\u0113ma nevis dibin\u0101t komiteju, bet s\u0101kt Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padomes darb\u012bbu Kan\u0101d\u0101. Tika izraudz\u012btas pirm\u0101s latvie\u0161u p\u0101rst\u0101ves Angelika Gail\u012bte, Irma \u0160vanka un Alma Kopmane. Jaundibin\u0101t\u0101s padomes pirmie uzdevumi bija kop\u0101 ar Baltijas feder\u0101ciju r\u012bkot 1941. gada 14. j\u016bnij\u0101 aizvesto piemi\u0146as aktu un r\u012bkot Baltie\u0161u ned\u0113\u013cu par godu Baltijas valstu neatkar\u012bbas 50. gadadienai 1968. gad\u0101. Padome iest\u0101j\u0101s Pasaules sievie\u0161u klubu feder\u0101cij\u0101 (General Federation of Women’s clubs<\/em>), kur\u0101 piedal\u012bj\u0101s 12 miljoni sievie\u0161u, kas p\u0101rst\u0101v\u0113ja 69 taut\u012bbas, k\u0101 ar\u012b st\u0101j\u0101s kontaktos ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m Kan\u0101das sievie\u0161u organiz\u0101cij\u0101m. Padomes p\u0101rst\u0101ves akt\u012bvi piedal\u012bj\u0101s da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s konferenc\u0113s, r\u012bkoja politiskus pas\u0101kumus, s\u016bt\u012bja v\u0113stules un memorandus par Baltijas valstu st\u0101vokli Rietumvalstu politi\u0137iem un ANO dal\u012bbvalstu p\u0101rst\u0101vjiem, organiz\u0113ja neskait\u0101mus draudz\u012bbas vakarus, p\u0113cpusdienas t\u0113jas ar vieslektoriem, liter\u0101ras p\u0113cpusdienas, diskusiju vakarus un m\u0101kslinieku priek\u0161nesumus. Padome bija akt\u012bva l\u012bdz pat 20. gs. beig\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sieviete person\u012bba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Trimdas v\u0113stures kopain\u0101 sievie\u0161u devums latvie\u0161u sabiedr\u012bbas lab\u0101 joproj\u0101m ir maz nov\u0113rt\u0113ts. Balstoties uz Latvijas Nacion\u0101l\u0101 arh\u012bva dokument\u0101raj\u0101m un audiovizu\u0101l\u0101m liec\u012bb\u0101m, pied\u0101v\u0101jam iel\u016bkoties atsevi\u0161\u0137u izcilu sievie\u0161u dz\u012bves g\u0101jum\u0101, kuru darbi un atst\u0101tais mantojums sniedzis ieguld\u012bjumu r\u016bp\u0113s par latvie\u0161u b\u0113g\u013cu sadz\u012bvi un labkl\u0101j\u012bbu, latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101l\u0101s identit\u0101tes saglab\u0101\u0161an\u0101 un Latvijas neatkar\u012bbas atg\u016b\u0161anas centienos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Arh\u012bvu un kult\u016bras v\u0113rt\u012bbu gl\u0101b\u0113ja Lauma Juli\u0101na Sloka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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M\u0101kslas v\u0113sturniece un arh\u012bvu darbiniece, kurai ir noz\u012bm\u012bga loma Latvijas arh\u012bvu evaku\u0101cij\u0101 un Latvie\u0161u Centr\u0101l\u0101s komitejas b\u0113g\u013cu dz\u012bves arh\u012bva veido\u0161an\u0101.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Lauma Juli\u0101na Sloka dzimusi 1891. gada 9. decembr\u012b L\u012bksn\u0101 p\u0101rtiku\u0161a tirgot\u0101ja \u0123imen\u0113. T\u0113vs nav liedzis Laumai izgl\u012bt\u012bbu, t\u0101p\u0113c p\u0113c Daugavpils \u0123imn\u0101zijas beig\u0161anas Lauma l\u0113ma par labu m\u0101kslas v\u0113stures studij\u0101m Maskav\u0101. 1915. gad\u0101 Lauma izg\u0101ja Augst\u0101kos sievie\u0161u kursus, bet 1916. gad\u0101 beidza Maskavas Universit\u0101tes V\u0113stures un filozofijas fakult\u0101ti. Jau studiju gados vi\u0146a satuvin\u0101j\u0101s ar turienes jaunajiem m\u0101kslas v\u0113sturniekiem un to centru Maskavas Dailes muzej\u0101. Vi\u0146a tika ieskait\u012bta turienes grupu vad\u012bt\u0101ju un gidu \u0161tat\u0101 un nostr\u0101d\u0101ja tur l\u012bdz 1919. gadam. P\u0113c atgrie\u0161an\u0101s Latvij\u0101 Lauma no 1919. l\u012bdz 1920. gadam str\u0101d\u0101ja par skolot\u0101ju Daugavpils sievie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101 un re\u0101lskol\u0101. 1920. gada mart\u0101 Lauma s\u0101ka darba gaitas Valsts v\u0113sturiskaj\u0101 arh\u012bv\u0101 (no 1924. g. Valsts arh\u012bvs) par vec\u0101ko arhiv\u0101ri un nostr\u0101d\u0101ja tur l\u012bdz pat 1944. gadam. Vi\u0146ai bija uztic\u0113ta arh\u012bva svar\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca \u2013 senraksti pergamentos un Bru\u0146niec\u012bbas arh\u012bvs. P\u0113tot vec\u0101k\u0101s draud\u017eu gr\u0101matas, Lauma nodev\u0101s \u0123enealo\u0123ijas un latvie\u0161u dz\u012bves p\u0113t\u012bjumiem. Laika posm\u0101 no 1925. l\u012bdz 1934. gadam Lauma Latvijas Valsts arh\u012bva izdevumu se\u0161os s\u0113jumos public\u0113ja Vidzemes un Kurzemes draud\u017eu hronikas, k\u0101 ar\u012b daudzus rakstus periodiskos izdevumos. Divas noz\u012bm\u012bgas publik\u0101cijas Lauma velt\u012bja m\u0101kslai \u2013 \u201cM\u0101kslas v\u0113sture, I: Sen\u0101 m\u0101ksla\u201d (1922) un \u201cM\u0101kslas v\u0113sture, II: No senkrist\u012bg\u0101s l\u012bdz baroka m\u0101kslai\u201d (1934). Kato\u013cu organiz\u0101cijas \u201cJ\u0113zus sirds\u201d vajadz\u012bb\u0101m Lauma sast\u0101d\u012bja pla\u0161u l\u016bg\u0161anu gr\u0101matu latvie\u0161u valod\u0101. Taj\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101s lat\u012b\u0146u viduslaiku himnas tika latviskotas, un \u0161im darbam k\u0101 tulkot\u0101jus Lauma pieaicin\u0101ja K\u0101rli Straubergu, Edvartu Virzu, Veroniku Str\u0113lerti u. c. 1936. gad\u0101 Lauma tika apbalvota ar Triju Zvaig\u017e\u0146u orde\u0146a V \u0161\u0137iru. 1944. gada 17. oktobr\u012b Lauma kop\u0101 ar R\u012bgas pils\u0113tas arh\u012bva direktoru Vili Bi\u013ckinu uzs\u0101ka arh\u012bva dokumentu evaku\u0101ciju. Vi\u0146u ce\u013c\u0161 veda uz Tropavu (tagad Opava) un Trpistu \u010cehoslov\u0101kij\u0101. Lauma ar Vili Bi\u013ckinu atrad\u0101s pie \u0161iem arh\u012bviem l\u012bdz 1945. gada j\u016blijam, kad \u010cehoslov\u0101kija k\u013cuva par amerik\u0101\u0146u okup\u0101cijas zonu un abiem tika \u013cauts izbraukt uz Minheni. Evaku\u0113tie arh\u012bva dokumenti 1945.\u20131946. gad\u0101 atgriez\u0101s Valsts arh\u012bv\u0101, ko padomju vara p\u0101rd\u0113v\u0113ja par Latvijas PSR Centr\u0101lo valsts arh\u012bvu. L\u012bdz 1950. gadam Lauma uztur\u0113j\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113 Bav\u0101rij\u0101 V\u0101cij\u0101. Tur Laumai bija noz\u012bm\u012bga loma Latvie\u0161u Centr\u0101l\u0101s komitejas b\u0113g\u013cu dz\u012bves arh\u012bva izveid\u0113. Kop\u0101 ar J\u0113kabu Rasmani vi\u0146a v\u0101ca materi\u0101lus par latvie\u0161u evaku\u0101ciju no dzimtenes uz V\u0101ciju, latvie\u0161u karav\u012bru gait\u0101m Otraj\u0101 pasaules kar\u0101, latvie\u0161u b\u0113g\u013ciem V\u0101cij\u0101 kara laik\u0101 un p\u0113c kara. 1950. gad\u0101 Lauma emigr\u0113ja uz ASV, kur dz\u012bvoja nosl\u0113gtu dz\u012bvi un str\u0101d\u0101ja par kalpot\u0101ju. P\u0113c ilgsto\u0161as slim\u012bbas Lauma aizg\u0101ja m\u016b\u017e\u012bb\u0101 1960. gad\u0101 Kalifornij\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Las\u012bt vair\u0101k<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zijas bibliot\u0113kas un trimdas arh\u012bva izveidot\u0101ja Austra Rudz\u012bte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Pedago\u0123e, liter\u0101te un bibliotek\u0101re, kuras m\u016b\u017ea darbs ir kult\u016bras kr\u0101tuves izveide Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101. Vi\u0146as ierosm\u0113 izveidota pla\u0161\u0101k\u0101 Eiropas latvie\u0161u bibliot\u0113ka un trimdas dokumentu arh\u012bvs \u0101rpus Latvijas, k\u0101 ar\u012b iek\u0101rtotas latvie\u0161u rakstniec\u012bbai velt\u012btas muzejistabas.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Austra Rudz\u012bte (dz. Zari\u0146a) dzimusi 1911. gada 18. mart\u0101 Il\u016bkstes apri\u0146\u0137a Demenes pagast\u0101. 1926. gad\u0101 Austra beidza pamatskolu Daugavpil\u012b. P\u0113c tam vi\u0146a s\u0101ka m\u0101c\u012bties Daugavpils Valsts \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101, bet, m\u0101tei nomirstot un \u0123imen\u0113 ien\u0101kot pam\u0101tei, Austra aizbrauca uz C\u0113su pusi un 1931. gad\u0101 beidza Prieku\u013cu lauksaimniec\u012bbas vidusskolu. T\u0101 pa\u0161a gada ruden\u012b Austra iest\u0101j\u0101s Latvijas Universit\u0101tes Lauksaimniec\u012bbas fakult\u0101t\u0113, ko beidza 1935. gad\u0101. Jau pirmaj\u0101 studiju gad\u0101 Austra iest\u0101j\u0101s studen\u0161u biedr\u012bb\u0101 \u201cZieme\u013cniece\u201d. Starp paz\u012bstam\u0101kaj\u0101m biedren\u0113m minama Zina\u012bda Lazda un goda biedrene Zenta Mauri\u0146a, kas veicin\u0101ja \u201cZieme\u013cnieces\u201d liter\u0101ro ievirzi, atst\u0101jot iespaidu ar\u012b uz Austru. P\u0113c studiju beig\u0161anas Austra s\u0101ka str\u0101d\u0101t Lauksaimniec\u012bbas kameras Ekonomiskaj\u0101 noda\u013c\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101. K\u013c\u016bstot par taksatori Lauksaimniec\u012bbas gr\u0101matved\u012bbas nozar\u0113, Austra apbrauk\u0101ja gandr\u012bz visus Latvijas pagastus, iepaz\u012bstoties ar katru novadu un zemnieku dz\u012bvi taj\u0101. 1940. gad\u0101 l\u012bdz ar komunistu ien\u0101k\u0161anu Latvij\u0101 Austru atlaida no darba. T\u0101 k\u0101 miru\u0161\u0101 t\u0113va m\u0101j\u0101s tika ier\u012bkots zirgu koplieto\u0161anas punkts, Austrai nebija kur palikt, t\u0101p\u0113c vi\u0146a samekl\u0113ja darbu Vesel\u012bbas ministrijas gr\u0101matved\u012bb\u0101. Dien\u0101m un nakt\u012bm veicot da\u017e\u0101dus apr\u0113\u0137inus, darbs vairs nebija izturams. Veiksm\u012bgu apst\u0101k\u013cu rezult\u0101t\u0101 Austra satika k\u0101du agronomu, kas bija liel\u0101 posten\u012b, un Austra tika aicin\u0101ta uz Zemkop\u012bbas komisari\u0101ta Dabas katastrof\u0101s cietu\u0161o noda\u013cu par vad\u012bt\u0101ju taksatoru. Austra tika izsaukta uz \u010deku, draud\u0113ja izs\u016bt\u012b\u0161ana uz citu republiku par neat\u013cautu darba mai\u0146u. Austru izgl\u0101ba zemkop\u012bbas komis\u0101rs, iek\u013caujot Austru neaizvietojamu speci\u0101listu skait\u0101. T\u016bl\u012bt bija j\u0101brauc uz Limba\u017eiem taks\u0113t cietu\u0161u zvejas ku\u0123i, k\u0101du Austru savu m\u016b\u017eu nebija redz\u0113jusi. Veiksm\u012bg\u0101 k\u0101rt\u0101 aizputin\u0101to ce\u013cu d\u0113\u013c ma\u0161\u012bna palika sniega kupen\u0101 un Austra l\u012bdz Limba\u017eiem netika. V\u0113l\u0101k Austras noda\u013cu iek\u013c\u0101va Finan\u0161u komisari\u0101t\u0101, un vi\u0146a atkal palika bez darba, ta\u010du k\u0101ds pazi\u0146a pal\u012bdz\u0113ja iek\u013c\u016bt Kolhozu dibin\u0101\u0161anas noda\u013c\u0101. 1941. gada j\u016bnij\u0101 Austrai tik tikko izdev\u0101s izgl\u0101bties no deport\u0101cijas. Bail\u0113s vi\u0146a atst\u0101ja R\u012bgu un atgriez\u0101s ned\u0113\u013cu p\u0113c komunistu aizie\u0161anas. V\u0101cu okup\u0101cijas laik\u0101 vi\u0146a iecelta par noda\u013cas vad\u012bt\u0101ju Zemkop\u012bbas ministrijas apg\u0101dei. P\u0113c tam ar paz\u012bstamu d\u0101rzkopju pal\u012bdz\u012bbu tika uz P\u016bri par Aug\u013ckop\u012bbas selekcijas nozares vad\u012bt\u0101ju. 1943. gad\u0101 Austra apprec\u0113j\u0101s, p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s atpaka\u013c uz R\u012bgu un str\u0101d\u0101ja v\u012bra vec\u0101ku d\u0101rzniec\u012bb\u0101. Dr\u012bz v\u012bru iesauca Latvie\u0161u le\u0123ion\u0101, un vi\u0146\u0161 karadarb\u012bb\u0101 pazuda bez v\u0113sts. 1944. gad\u0101 Austra izg\u0101ja samarie\u0161u kursus un str\u0101d\u0101ja R\u012bgas pils\u0113tas 1. slimn\u012bc\u0101 par pal\u012bgm\u0101su, k\u0101du laiku bija ar\u012b Dzelzavas front\u0113 par m\u0101su. 1944. gada 13. septembr\u012b Austra tika evaku\u0113ta uz V\u0101ciju un apmet\u0101s L\u012bbek\u0101. Tur Austra s\u0101ka str\u0101d\u0101t Latvijas Sarkanaj\u0101 Krust\u0101, apr\u016bp\u0113jot latvie\u0161u karav\u012brus da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s L\u012bbekas slimn\u012bc\u0101s, v\u0113l\u0101k karag\u016bstek\u0146u ieslodz\u012bjuma viet\u0101s. 1945. gad\u0101 Austra saslima ar tuberkulozi, t\u0101p\u0113c n\u0101c\u0101s p\u0101rcelties uz Dienvidv\u0101ciju, un, mainot 13 da\u017e\u0101das slimn\u012bcas un sanatorijas, vi\u0146a nogul\u0113ja taj\u0101s bez p\u0101rtraukuma l\u012bdz 1951. gadam. 1951. gad\u0101 Austra aizbrauca uz Baltie\u0161u Krist\u012bgo studentu m\u012btni Hangelar\u0101, iest\u0101j\u0101s Bonnas Universit\u0101t\u0113, izstr\u0101d\u0101ja doktora darbu Lauksaimniec\u012bbas fakult\u0101t\u0113 par stiebraugiem. P\u0113c tam iest\u0101j\u0101s Teolo\u0123ijas fakult\u0101t\u0113, kur stud\u0113ja no 1953. l\u012bdz 1956. gadam. 1957. gad\u0101 Austra s\u0101ka str\u0101d\u0101t Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101 par biolo\u0123ijas un tic\u012bbas m\u0101c\u012bbas skolot\u0101ju, nostr\u0101d\u0101jot tur 20 gadus. Reiz\u0113 ar skolot\u0101jas arodu Austra bija ar\u012b skolas bibliotek\u0101re. Kop\u0161 1978. gada Austra stundas vairs nepasniedza un piln\u012bb\u0101 nodev\u0101s bibliot\u0113kai. Savas darb\u012bbas laik\u0101 Austra r\u012bkoja skol\u0113nu liter\u0101ros vakarus, izveidoja rakstnieka J\u0101\u0146a Jaunsudrabi\u0146a muzejus Minster\u0113 un K\u0113rbek\u0101, p\u0101rveda uz Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101ziju P\u0113tera \u0112rma\u0146a piemi\u0146as muzeju un Alfreda St\u0101ka arh\u012bvu, ko Austra l\u012bdz pat p\u0113d\u0113jam dz\u012bves br\u012bdim nep\u0101rtraukti papla\u0161in\u0101ja un izveidoja par Latvie\u0161u trimdas arh\u012bvu Minster\u0113. 1978. gad\u0101 Austra \u0123imn\u0101zijas telp\u0101s iek\u0101rtoja ar\u012b Zentas Mauri\u0146as-Raudives un Konstant\u012bna Raudives piemi\u0146as muzeju. \u0160aj\u0101 noz\u012bm\u012bgaj\u0101 kult\u016bras un zin\u0101tnes kr\u0101tuv\u0113 Austra str\u0101d\u0101ja, stundas neskaitot, nereti tur pavadot ar\u012b sv\u0113tdienas un br\u012bvdienas. Austra vienm\u0113r bija atsauc\u012bga un n\u0101ca talk\u0101 ar padomu un pal\u012bdz\u012bbu ikvienam arh\u012bva p\u0113tniekam un interesentam. Austra aizg\u0101ja m\u016b\u017e\u012bb\u0101 1991. gada 27. decembr\u012b, un vi\u0146as pelni apglab\u0101ti Br\u0113menes R\u012bnsbergas kapos. P\u0113c Austras aizie\u0161anas bibliot\u0113kas vad\u012bbu p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma Lilija Tenh\u0101gena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Minsteres Latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zijas skolot\u0101ja Austra Rudz\u012bte apl\u016bko k\u0101da m\u0101kslinieka grafikas. 1958. – 1962. gads. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F1_1_5324<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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J\u0101\u0146a Jaunsudrabi\u0146a muzejs Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101, st\u0101sta muzeja vad\u012bt\u0101ja Austra Rudz\u012bte. 1962. \u2013 1967. gads. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F29_1_64<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

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Sava laika un sabiedr\u012bbas veidot\u0101ja Angelika Gail\u012bte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Rakstniece, v\u0113sturniece, skolot\u0101ja un sabiedrisk\u0101 darbiniece, kura rakst\u012bjusi gr\u0101matas par v\u0113sturisk\u0101m person\u012bb\u0101m, rom\u0101nus, st\u0101stus, v\u0113stures apcer\u0113jumus, ce\u013cojumu aprakstus, public\u0113jusi rakstus par latvie\u0161u un cittautu literat\u016bru, rakstniekiem, m\u0101kslas un v\u0113stures jaut\u0101jumiem, informat\u012bvus apskatus par Latvijas un starptautiskaj\u0101m politiskaj\u0101m aktualit\u0101t\u0113m un tulkojusi da\u017e\u0101dus darbus. Str\u0101d\u0101jusi par skolot\u0101ju, korektori un redaktori laikrakst\u0101 \u201cLatvija Amerik\u0101\u201d, k\u0101 ar\u012b akt\u012bvi darbojusies da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s sievie\u0161u organiz\u0101cij\u0101s, bijusi viena no Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padomes dibin\u0101t\u0101j\u0101m. Gan rado\u0161\u0101s, gan profesion\u0101l\u0101s un sabiedrisk\u0101s darb\u012bbas laik\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161u noz\u012bmi piev\u0113rsusi sava laika sievietes t\u0113lam, lomai, probl\u0113m\u0101m un ties\u012bb\u0101m.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Angelika Gail\u012bte dzimusi 1884. gada 2. j\u016bnij\u0101 Vecpiebalg\u0101 mui\u017eas dzirnavnieka \u0123imen\u0113, m\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s Vecpiebalgas draudzes skol\u0101, p\u0113c tam Daugavpils (Dvinskas) sievie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101, ko pabeidza ar zelta meda\u013cu. No 1903. l\u012bdz 1910. gadam str\u0101d\u0101ja Annas \u0136eni\u0146as meite\u0146u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101, 1910. gad\u0101 dev\u0101s l\u012bdzi v\u012bram rakstniekam Haraldam Elgastam (\u012bstaj\u0101 v\u0101rd\u0101 J\u0101nis Mi\u0137elsons) uz Vologdu. No 1910. l\u012bdz 1916. gadam str\u0101d\u0101ja Vologdas pils\u0113tas z\u0113nu tirdzniec\u012bbas skol\u0101 par v\u0101cu valodas skolot\u0101ju. Krievij\u0101 tapa da\u013ca tekstu vi\u0146as pirmajam prozas kr\u0101jumam \u201cIlgas un maldi\u201d, kas izn\u0101ca 1913. gad\u0101. No 1916. l\u012bdz 1920. gadam stud\u0113ja Maskavas Augst\u0101kajos sievie\u0161u kursos v\u0113sturi un filolo\u0123iju un str\u0101d\u0101ja Sievie\u0161u pedago\u0123iskaj\u0101 instit\u016bt\u0101 par skolot\u0101ju un priek\u0161nieces pal\u012bdzi. P\u0113c atgrie\u0161an\u0101s Latvij\u0101 no 1920. l\u012bdz 1924. gadam bija Latvijas Republikas \u0100rlietu ministrijas Inform\u0101cijas departamenta (v\u0113l\u0101k Preses noda\u013ca) fran\u010du preses referente. 1921. gad\u0101 Angelika iest\u0101j\u0101s Latvijas Universit\u0101tes Filolo\u0123ijas un filozofijas fakult\u0101tes V\u0113stures noda\u013c\u0101, ko 1925. gad\u0101 beidza ar cand. hist.<\/em> gr\u0101du. Disert\u0101cijas t\u0113ma \u2013 \u201cJ\u0101nis Georgs Eizens un 18. gadusimte\u0146a latvju zemnieka raksturojums\u201d. 1926. gad\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjums public\u0113ts \u201cIzgl\u012bt\u012bbas Ministrijas M\u0113ne\u0161rakst\u0101\u201d. Paral\u0113li studij\u0101m vi\u0146a str\u0101d\u0101ja par v\u0113stures un latvie\u0161u valodas skolot\u0101ju R\u012bgas Fran\u010du licej\u0101 un R\u012bgas pils\u0113tas Vi\u013ca Olava komercskol\u0101. Angelika daudz ce\u013coja pa Eiropu, un tas sniedza iedvesmu vair\u0101kiem vi\u0146as liter\u0101rajiem darbiem. 1910. gad\u0101 vi\u0146a ce\u013coja pa Somiju, 1914. gad\u0101 no Vologdas dev\u0101s skolot\u0101ju ekskursij\u0101 uz It\u0101liju, 1923. gad\u0101 apce\u013coja V\u0101ciju. 1929. gad\u0101 \u017den\u0113v\u0101 \u0160veic\u0113 k\u0101 Latvijas Akad\u0113miski izgl\u012btoto sievie\u0161u apvien\u012bbas deleg\u0101te vi\u0146a piedal\u012bj\u0101s Starptautisk\u0101s Akad\u0113miski izgl\u012btoto sievie\u0161u feder\u0101cijas (International Federation of University Women<\/em>) kongres\u0101. \u0160aj\u0101 kongres\u0101 Latvijas Akad\u0113miski izgl\u012btoto sievie\u0161u apvien\u012bbu, kuras viena no dibin\u0101t\u0101j\u0101m bija Angelika, uz\u0146\u0113ma par pilnties\u012bgu biedri. 1934. gad\u0101 ce\u013coja pa \u0160veici, It\u0101liju, Franciju, bet 1936. dev\u0101s braucien\u0101 pa Norv\u0113\u0123iju. Ir tapu\u0161i t\u0101di ce\u013cojumu apraksti k\u0101 \u201cV\u0113rojumi un sap\u0146ojumi\u201d (1920, par It\u0101liju) un \u201cFrancija\u201d (1936). Angelika public\u0113ja ar\u012b gr\u0101matas par v\u0113sturisk\u0101m person\u012bb\u0101m, k\u0101 \u201cPiln\u012bbas ide\u0101ls\u201d (1926, par As\u012bzes Francisku) un \u201c\u017danna d’Arka\u201d (1939). 1937. gad\u0101 izdota Angelikas gr\u0101mata \u201cVecpiebalgas draudzes skola\u201d (1937), kur\u0101 p\u0113c Zviedrijas arh\u012bvos sav\u0101ktiem materi\u0101liem apkopota skolas v\u0113sture. 1962. gad\u0101 izn\u0101ca vi\u0146as v\u0113rojumu un atmi\u0146u gr\u0101mata \u201cCe\u013ciniece\u201d, bet 1968. gad\u0101 \u2013 kult\u016brv\u0113sturiskas ievirzes st\u0101sts \u201cR\u012btausm\u0101\u201d, kur\u0101 vi\u0146a st\u0101sta par savu dzimtu, Piebalgas paz\u012bstam\u0101m person\u0101m \u2013 Ati Kronvaldu, Andreju Pumpuru, Mat\u012bsu Kaudz\u012bti, R\u0101tminderu dzimtu u. tml. Akt\u012bva bija ar\u012b Angelikas sabiedrisk\u0101 darb\u012bba. Vi\u0146a bija viena no studen\u0161u korpor\u0101cijas \u201cVarav\u012bksne\u201d dibin\u0101t\u0101j\u0101m 1927. gad\u0101, no 1920. gada darboj\u0101s Latvju rakstnieku un \u017eurn\u0101listu arodbiedr\u012bb\u0101, 1920. gad\u0101 iest\u0101j\u0101s Latvju demokr\u0101tu savien\u012bb\u0101 un bija deput\u0101ta kandid\u0101te Satversmes sapulces v\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s. 1930. gad\u0101 Angelika sa\u0146\u0113ma Francijas Akad\u0113misko Palmas Zara ordeni un 1938. gad\u0101 Triju Zvaig\u017e\u0146u orde\u0146a V \u0161\u0137iru. 1944. gad\u0101 Angelika dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz V\u0101ciju un no 1945. l\u012bdz 1949. gadam bija skolot\u0101ja H\u0101navas Tautas augstskol\u0101 un H\u0101navas latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101. Ar\u012b trimd\u0101 Angelika turpin\u0101ja rakst\u012bt, public\u0113ts dienasgr\u0101matas un v\u0113stu\u013cu form\u0101 sarakst\u012bts rom\u0101ns par sievietes m\u0101tes un m\u0101kslinieces probl\u0113m\u0101m \u201cDz\u012bves za\u013cais koks\u201d (1947, otrs izdevums 1966). V\u0101cij\u0101 Angelika darboj\u0101s ar\u012b 1947. gad\u0101 Eslingen\u0113 dibin\u0101taj\u0101 Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padom\u0113, kas iest\u0101j\u0101s par Baltijas valstu un sievie\u0161u ties\u012bb\u0101m. 1949. gad\u0101 vi\u0146a emigr\u0113ja uz ASV, kur str\u0101d\u0101ja par m\u0101jkalpot\u0101ju, bet 1950. gad\u0101 dev\u0101s uz Kan\u0101du un no 1951. l\u012bdz 1975. gadam dz\u012bvoja Toronto. Taj\u0101 laik\u0101 vi\u0146a akt\u012bvi darboj\u0101s laikraksta \u201cLatvija Amerik\u0101\u201d redakcij\u0101, s\u0101kotn\u0113ji k\u0101 korektore, v\u0113l\u0101k redaktore. Kan\u0101d\u0101 Angelika turpin\u0101ja sabiedrisko darb\u012bbu, bija ar\u012b Latvie\u0161u preses biedr\u012bbas Kan\u0101das kopas vald\u0113. 1952. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Latvijas Nacion\u0101l\u0101s apvien\u012bbas Kan\u0101d\u0101 valdes priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101ja Imanta \u017d\u012bgura aicin\u0101juma Angelika kop\u0101 ar Almu Kopmani un Irmu \u0160vanku k\u013cuva par pirmaj\u0101m Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padomes Kan\u0101d\u0101 latvie\u0161u p\u0101rst\u0101v\u0113m. Angelika mirusi 1975. gada 20. august\u0101 Toronto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Las\u012bt vair\u0101k<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Nerimsto\u0161s darbs pedago\u0123ij\u0101 un gr\u016bt\u012bb\u0101s non\u0101ko\u0161o latvie\u0161u lab\u0101 – Aina \u0160ilde<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Matem\u0101tikas un fizikas skolot\u0101ja Latvij\u0101 un Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101. Akt\u012bvi l\u012bdzdarbojusies v\u012bra jurista \u0100dolfa \u0160ildes V\u0101cij\u0101 atjaunotaj\u0101 Latvijas Sarkanaj\u0101 Krust\u0101. V\u0113l\u0101k k\u013cuva par Latvijas Sarkan\u0101 Krusta trimd\u0101 \u0123ener\u0101lsekret\u0101ri, iev\u0113rojamu darbu veltot daudzb\u0113rnu \u0123ime\u0146u un deport\u0113to apzin\u0101\u0161an\u0101 un apr\u016bp\u0113.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Aina \u0160ilde dzimusi 1908. gada 5. febru\u0101r\u012b R\u012bg\u0101 acu \u0101rsta Latvijas Satversmes sapulces un Saeimas deput\u0101ta Gustava Reinharda se\u0161u b\u0113rnu \u0123imen\u0113. Skolas gaitas Aina uzs\u0101ka R\u012bgas pils\u0113tas pamatskol\u0101 Kalpaka bulv\u0101r\u012b 8. No 1922. l\u012bdz 1926. gadam vi\u0146a m\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s R\u012bgas pils\u0113tas 2. vidusskol\u0101 un s\u0101ka dabas zin\u0101t\u0146u un matem\u0101tikas studijas Latvijas Universit\u0101t\u0113. Paral\u0113li dabaszin\u0101tn\u0113m un matem\u0101tikai vi\u0146a stud\u0113ja ar\u012b pedago\u0123iju, lo\u0123iku, psiholo\u0123iju un matem\u0101tikas metodolo\u0123iju. 1931. gad\u0101 Aina beidza studijas un 1933. gad\u0101 ieguva ma\u0123istra gr\u0101du matem\u0101tik\u0101. Skolot\u0101jas darbs Ainai bija sirdslieta, jau studiju gados vi\u0146a bija matem\u0101tikas skolot\u0101ja Latvijas Eva\u0146\u0123\u0113liski luterisk\u0101s bazn\u012bcas \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101 un \u0161aj\u0101 skol\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101ja l\u012bdz pat Latvijas okup\u0101cijai 1940. gad\u0101, kad bija spiesta no skolas aiziet. Aina bija diri\u0123enta, \u0113r\u0123elnieka, komponista, pedagoga un I\u2013III Visp\u0101r\u012bgo latvie\u0161u Dzied\u0101\u0161anas sv\u0113tku virsdiri\u0123enta Indri\u0137a Z\u012bles mazmeita, t\u0101p\u0113c \u0101rpus darba Aina nodev\u0101s savai m\u012blest\u012bbai \u2013 dzied\u0101\u0161anai. Aina dzied\u0101ja Teodora Reitera kor\u012b, ar kuru bija iesp\u0113ja doties vieskoncertos V\u012bn\u0113, Pr\u0101g\u0101, Var\u0161av\u0101. 1938. gad\u0101 Aina apprec\u0113j\u0101s ar juristu \u0100dolfu \u0160ildi, ar kuru kop\u0101 Otr\u0101 pasaules kara izska\u0146\u0101 un p\u0113c t\u0101 nenogursto\u0161i, nesavt\u012bgi un ener\u0123iski darboj\u0101s Latvijas Sarkanaj\u0101 Krust\u0101 (LSK) un sabiedriskaj\u0101 darb\u0101 trimd\u0101. 1944. gada ruden\u012b \u0160ildes \u0123imene dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz V\u0101ciju, kur Eslingenes b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113 un v\u0113l\u0101k \u0160tutgartes v\u0101cu re\u0101lskol\u0101 pasniedza matem\u0101tiku. No 1964. l\u012bdz 1973. gadam Aina str\u0101d\u0101ja Minsteres latvie\u0161u \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101. Biju\u0161ie kol\u0113\u0123i un audz\u0113k\u0146i Ainu atceras k\u0101 stingru un labsird\u012bgu pedago\u0123i. Aina bija liels atbalsts v\u012bram \u0100dolfam LSK darb\u0101. No 1955. gada vi\u0146a pild\u012bja LSK apr\u016bpes nozares vad\u012bt\u0101jas pien\u0101kumus, bet 1958. gad\u0101 k\u013cuva par LSK \u0123ener\u0101lsekret\u0101ri. \u012apa\u0161u daudz darbojusies daudzb\u0113rnu \u0123ime\u0146u un deport\u0113to apzin\u0101\u0161an\u0101 un apr\u016bp\u0113, sniedza un organiz\u0113ja pal\u012bdz\u012bbu gan trimd\u0101 V\u0101cij\u0101 dz\u012bvojo\u0161iem, gan tautie\u0161iem Latvij\u0101. L\u012bdz\u0101s pedago\u0123es un LSK darbam br\u012bvaj\u0101 laik\u0101 Aina ats\u0101ka koristes gaitas Minsteres latvie\u0161u kor\u012b. Kop\u0161 studiju laika Aina bija korpor\u0101cijas \u201cDaugaviete\u201d biedre un trimd\u0101 darboj\u0101s k\u0101 \u201cDaugavietes\u201d seniore. Minster\u0113 Aina un \u0100dolfs dz\u012bvoja vi\u0146u meitas arhitektes Maijas projekt\u0113t\u0101 nama aug\u0161st\u0101v\u0101. Pagraba st\u0101v\u0101 glab\u0101j\u0101s LSK arh\u012bvs un kartot\u0113ka, ko k\u0101rtoja un p\u0101rzin\u0101ja Aina. M\u016b\u017ea nogal\u0113 Aina cer\u0113ja dr\u012bzum\u0101 atgriezties R\u012bg\u0101, pavad\u012bt m\u016b\u017ea novakari b\u0113rnu un mazb\u0113rnu vid\u016b dzimtaj\u0101 pils\u0113t\u0101, bet 1995. gada 5. j\u016bnij\u0101 liktenis l\u0113ma cit\u0101di, un vi\u0146a guld\u012bta Minsteres Lauheides kaps\u0113t\u0101 blakus dz\u012bvesbiedram \u0100dolfam. Aina ilgus gadus slimoja ar sirds aritmiju. \u0122imene p\u0113c Ainas n\u0101ves turpin\u0101ja pal\u012bdz\u012bbas darbu Latvijas b\u0113rnu kardiolo\u0123ijas centram b\u0113rnu kl\u012bniskaj\u0101 slimn\u012bc\u0101 \u201cGai\u013cezers\u201d Latvij\u0101 ar aparat\u016bras ieg\u0101di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Las\u012bt vair\u0101k<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pa t\u0113va p\u0113d\u0101m – sabiedrisk\u0101 darbiniece Lielbrit\u0101nij\u0101 Marie Anna Zari\u0146a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Pianiste, klavierskolot\u0101ja, diplom\u0101te un akt\u012bva sabiedrisk\u0101 darbiniece, kas turpin\u0101ja nest Latvijas v\u0101rdu sve\u0161um\u0101, darbojoties da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s latvie\u0161u organiz\u0101cij\u0101s un kopjot Dziesmu sv\u0113tku trad\u012bciju.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Marie Anna (saukta ar\u012b par Marianna) Zari\u0146a dzimusi 1927. gada 30. septembr\u012b Stokholm\u0101 s\u016bt\u0146a K\u0101r\u013ca Zari\u0146a un vi\u0146a sievas Henrietes \u0123imen\u0113. Gandr\u012bz visu m\u016b\u017eu Marie pavad\u012bja \u0101rpus Latvijas, iz\u0146emot laiku, kad vi\u0146as t\u0113vs bija Latvijas \u0101rlietu ministrs (1930\u20131933). Skolas gaitas s\u0101k\u0101s Londonas Fran\u010du licej\u0101, v\u0113l\u0101k turpin\u0101j\u0101s k\u0101d\u0101 ang\u013cu priv\u0101tskol\u0101. Jau skolas gados Marie piev\u0113rs\u0101s m\u016bzikas studij\u0101m un klaviersp\u0113lei, ko v\u0113l\u0101k turpin\u0101ja pie profesora J\u0101zepa V\u012btola skolnieces Veras Vinogradovas-B\u012bkas (Beak<\/em>). V\u0113l\u0101k Marie nodibin\u0101ja savu klavieru studiju, kur\u0101 m\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s ap 40 audz\u0113k\u0146u. Liel\u0101ko dz\u012bves da\u013cu Marie velt\u012bja sabiedriskajam darbam \u2013 vispirms Eiropas latvie\u0161u jaunatnes apvien\u012bbas Anglijas noda\u013c\u0101, bet no 1962. gada Latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101laj\u0101 padom\u0113 Lielbrit\u0101nij\u0101, uz\u0146emoties atbild\u012bbu kult\u016bras un m\u0101kslas jom\u0101. V\u0113l\u0101k k\u0101 r\u012bc\u012bbas komitejas priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101ja vad\u012bja Eiropas latvie\u0161u Dziesmu sv\u0113tku organiz\u0113\u0161anu 1977. gad\u0101 London\u0101 un 1982. gad\u0101 L\u012bds\u0101. Se\u0161us gadus vad\u012bja laikraksta \u201cLondonas Av\u012bze\u201d apg\u0101du. Bija akt\u012bva Daugavas Vanagu fonda Londonas noda\u013cas vanadze un darboj\u0101s ar\u012b noda\u013cas vald\u0113. P\u0113c t\u0113va K\u0101r\u013ca Zari\u0146a n\u0101ves 1963. gad\u0101 Marie turpin\u0101ja p\u0101rst\u0101v\u0113t neatkar\u012bg\u0101s Latvijas vald\u012bbu. Laik\u0101, kad notika Latvijas neatkar\u012bbas atjauno\u0161ana, Marie pievienoj\u0101s Latvijas diplom\u0101tiskajam dienestam. Vi\u0146a tika iecelta par Latvijas s\u016btniec\u012bbas London\u0101 vad\u012bt\u0101ju ar pilnvarot\u0101s lietvedes ties\u012bb\u0101m 1990. gad\u0101, bet no 1992. l\u012bdz 1993. gadam pild\u012bja v\u0113stniec\u012bbas padomnieces pien\u0101kumus. \u0160aj\u0101 laik\u0101 vi\u0146a akt\u012bvi piedal\u012bj\u0101s diplom\u0101tiskaj\u0101 darb\u012bb\u0101, veicinot Latvijas atpaz\u012bstam\u012bbu starptautiskaj\u0101 sabiedr\u012bb\u0101. No \u0161\u012bs pasaules Marie aizg\u0101ja 2004. gada 11. febru\u0101r\u012b. Par savu ieguld\u012bjumu Marija Anna Zari\u0146a sa\u0146\u0113musi vair\u0101kus apbalvojumus, tostarp V \u0161\u0137iras Triju Zvaig\u017e\u0146u ordeni (1997), Daugavas Vanagu Zelta Goda z\u012bmi un Latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101l\u0101s padomes Lielbrit\u0101nij\u0101 apbalvojumu (2002). \u0160ie apbalvojumi atspogu\u013co vi\u0146as noz\u012bm\u012bgo lomu latvie\u0161u sabiedr\u012bb\u0101 un vi\u0146as ieguld\u012bjumu Latvijas valsts un kult\u016bras saglab\u0101\u0161an\u0101 trimd\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Latvie\u0161u te\u0101tra dv\u0113sele Elza Daugaviete Lapukina<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Aktrise, re\u017eisore, scenogr\u0101fe un kost\u012bmu m\u0101ksliniece, kuras talanta daudz\u0161\u0137autn\u012bba deva rado\u0161u piepild\u012bjumu tautie\u0161iem un bija liels ieguvums Zviedrijas latvie\u0161u trimdas skatuvei.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Elza Daugaviete-Lapukina dzimusi 1915. gada 7. j\u016blij\u0101 Tveras guber\u0146\u0101 Krievij\u0101, vec\u0101kiem atrodoties b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s. B\u0113rn\u012bbu pavad\u012bja Neret\u0101, Kal\u0113ju ielas \u201cBirz\u012bt\u0113s\u2019\u2019, t\u0113va Ernesta \u2013 amatnieka ar zelta rok\u0101m \u2013 pa\u0161a celt\u0101 m\u0101j\u0101. M\u0101j\u0101 atrad\u0101s vi\u0146a uz\u0146\u0113mums \u2013 manufakt\u016bra, k\u0101 ar\u012b galant\u0113rijas un p\u0101rtikas pre\u010du tirgotava. M\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s J\u0113kabpils Valsts komercskol\u0101 un Vi\u013ca Olava komercskol\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101. 1939. gad\u0101 Elza beidza Latvju aktieru arodbiedr\u012bbas Te\u0101tra skolu R\u012bg\u0101. P\u0113c Te\u0101tra skolas beig\u0161anas vi\u0146a s\u0101ka darbu Dailes te\u0101tr\u012b, sp\u0113l\u0113jot izr\u0101d\u0113s \u201cZelta zirgs\u201d, \u201cTr\u012bnes gr\u0113ki\u201d, \u201c\u0136\u012bnas v\u0101ze\u201d, \u201cP\u0113rs Gints\u201d, \u201cBurvju liesma\u201d, \u201c1905. gads\u201d, \u201cJaunaudze\u201d l\u012bdz\u0101s aktris\u0113m Vilmai V\u0101rnai, \u0112rikai Ferdai, Margai Teterei u. c., p\u0101rsvar\u0101 jaunu meite\u0146u otr\u0101 pl\u0101na lomas, jo augum\u0101 bija \u013coti \u0161mauga un puiciska. Elzas jaun\u0101k\u0101 m\u0101sa Lilija Daugaviete (prec\u0113jusies Kubile) sekoja m\u0101sas p\u0113d\u0101s un 1948. gad\u0101 beidza Dr\u0101mas te\u0101tra studiju, 1950. gad\u0101 \u2013 Te\u0101tra instit\u016btu, no 1951. l\u012bdz 1953. gadam bija Jelgavas Dr\u0101mas te\u0101tra aktrise, neilgu laiku \u2013 Valsts akad\u0113misk\u0101 dr\u0101mas te\u0101tra \u0101r\u0161tata aktrise, p\u0113c tam no 1959. l\u012bdz 1982. gadam Latvijas Telev\u012bzijas re\u017eisore. 1944. gad\u0101 Elza dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz Zviedriju, apmet\u0101s uz dz\u012bvi \u0112rebr\u016b pils\u0113t\u0101, kur nodibin\u0101ja \u0123imeni ar gleznot\u0101ju Alfr\u0113du Lapukinu. Ar\u012b trimd\u0101 Elza darboj\u0101s te\u0101tra jom\u0101 \u2013 kop\u0101 ar dz\u012bvesbiedru vi\u0146a gan zviedru, gan latvie\u0161u sabiedr\u012bbas te\u0101tra grupu izr\u0101d\u0113m veidoja scenogr\u0101fiju. 1947. gad\u0101 \u0112rebr\u016b iestud\u0113tai M. Z\u012bverta lugai \u201cSievasm\u0101te\u201d Elza bija gan re\u017eisore un scenogr\u0101fe, gan veidoja kost\u012bmus. Tika ar\u012b iestud\u0113ta M. Z\u012bverta luga \u201cR\u012bga dimd\u201d, V. K\u0101rkli\u0146a \u201cSarkanv\u012bns\u201d, A. Strindberga \u201cMelnais cimds\u201d. Elzas dz\u012bvesbiedra Alfr\u0113da Lapukina m\u016b\u017es apr\u0101v\u0101s 1961. gada 28. septembr\u012b, un Elza palika viena ar diviem b\u0113rniem. No 1955. l\u012bdz 1968. gadam vi\u0146a str\u0101d\u0101ja ar zviedru jaunatnes un b\u0113rnu grup\u0101m pie dr\u0101mas improviz\u0101cij\u0101m. 1964. gad\u0101 Elza las\u012bja lekcijas dr\u0101mas grupai Fellingsbr\u016b Tautas augstskol\u0101. 1969. gad\u0101 Elzu uzaicin\u0101ja pievienoties Daugavas Vanagu Stokholmas noda\u013cas te\u0101tra kopai (v\u0113l\u0101k nosaukums Stokholmas Latvie\u0161u te\u0101tris), un vi\u0146a bija re\u017eisore 1971. gad\u0101 iestud\u0113tajai R. Blauma\u0146a lugai \u201cUgun\u012b\u201d. Turpm\u0101kajos gados Elza bija re\u017eisore un kost\u012bmu m\u0101ksliniece daudziem Stokholmas Latvie\u0161u te\u0101tra iestud\u0113jumiem \u2013 A. Dzi\u013cuma lugai \u201cR\u012btausma\u201d, M. Z\u012bverta \u201cKa\u013costro Vilc\u0113\u201d, J. Viesiena \u201cJ\u0101nis Reiters\u201d un \u201cP\u0113c p\u0101rbaud\u012btas receptes\u201d, T. Bangas \u201cSepti\u0146as vecmeitas\u201d, P. Roz\u012b\u0161a \u201cJaun\u0101 cepure\u201d, E. Vulfa \u201cSv\u0113tki Skangal\u0113\u201d, M. Z\u012bverta \u201cMeli mekl\u0113 meli\u201d, A. Brigaderes \u201c\u010caukstenes\u201d, O. J\u0113gena \u201c2 x 2\u201d, R. Blauma\u0146a \u201cIndr\u0101ni\u201d un \u201cSkroderdienas Silma\u010dos\u201d, J. Alun\u0101na \u201cSe\u0161i mazi bundzenieki\u201d un daudz\u0101m cit\u0101m lug\u0101m. Elzas rado\u0161\u0101 darb\u012bba 1986. gad\u0101 nov\u0113rt\u0113ta ar PBLA atzin\u012bbas rakstu. 1990. gad\u0101 Latvij\u0101 E. Smi\u013c\u0123a te\u0101tra muzej\u0101 tika atkl\u0101ta izst\u0101de \u201cCe\u013c\u0161. Latvie\u0161u te\u0101tris \u0101rzem\u0113s\u201d, kur\u0101 tika izst\u0101d\u012bts ar\u012b Elzas devums trimdas te\u0101tra m\u0101ksl\u0101. Elza aizg\u0101ja m\u016b\u017e\u012bb\u0101 2008. gad\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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M\u016b\u017ea devums latvie\u0161u trimdas bibliogr\u0101fijai – Lilija Dunsdorfa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Agronome, ilggad\u0113ja Melburnas latvie\u0161u biedr\u012bbas bibliot\u0113kas vad\u012bt\u0101ja, kas savas darbo\u0161an\u0101s laik\u0101 izveidoja trimd\u0101 liel\u0101ko latvie\u0161u rakstu kr\u0101tuvi un liel\u0101ko latvie\u0161u bibliot\u0113ku \u0101rpus Latvijas. Neatsverams balsts un pal\u012bgs v\u012bra v\u0113sturnieka Edgara Dunsdorfa zin\u0101tniskaj\u0101 darb\u012bb\u0101.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Lilija Dunsdorfa (dz. K\u013cavi\u0146a) dzimusi 1906. gada 20. j\u016blij\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101. 1934. gad\u0101 beidza Latvijas Universit\u0101tes Lauksaimniec\u012bbas fakult\u0101ti ar agronomes gr\u0101du. No 1933. l\u012bdz 1936. gadam str\u0101d\u0101ja Latvijas Piensaimniec\u012bbas centra savien\u012bbas R\u012bgas piena centr\u0101l\u0113. No 1936. l\u012bdz 1940. gadam bija Latvijas Lauksaimniec\u012bbas kameras \u0101rzemju preses referente, p\u0113c tam ra\u017eu statistikas apak\u0161nozares vad\u012bt\u0101ja Valsts statistikas p\u0101rvald\u0113 R\u012bg\u0101. Jau studiju laik\u0101 Lilija pievienoj\u0101s Universit\u0101tes Sportam (US), kur nodarboj\u0101s ar air\u0113\u0161anu \u010detrinieku sast\u0101v\u0101. US pla\u0161\u0101 laivu m\u0101ja un kluba nami\u0146\u0161 Balasta damb\u012b toreiz bija centrs strauji uzplauksto\u0161ajai latvie\u0161u air\u0113t\u0101ju ros\u012bbai. Meite\u0146u \u010detrinieku no pirm\u0101s dienas sav\u0101 g\u0101d\u012bb\u0101 p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma viens no sp\u0113j\u012bg\u0101kajiem jaun\u0101s paaudzes air\u0113t\u0101jiem un st\u016brma\u0146iem S. Markovskis. Idillisko sporto\u0161anu p\u0101rtrauca padomju okup\u0101cija 1940. gad\u0101, ta\u010du draudz\u012bbas saites komandas locek\u013cu starp\u0101 vairs nebija saraujamas. V\u0101cu okup\u0101cijas laik\u0101 komanda atkalapvienoj\u0101s, un divus gadus no vietas tai bija lemts uzvar\u0113t ikvien\u0101s sacens\u012bb\u0101s. US 68. komanda palika ne\u0161\u0137irama l\u012bdz 1944. gada rudens dien\u0101m. 1944. gada oktobr\u012b Lilija ar v\u012bru iev\u0113rojamo v\u0113sturnieku Edgaru Dunsdorfu dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz V\u0101ciju. Abi non\u0101ca Hamburg\u0101, kur Edgaram bija lieli nopelni Baltijas Universit\u0101tes organiz\u0113\u0161an\u0101. No 1946. l\u012bdz 1948. gadam vi\u0146\u0161 bija \u0161\u012bs universit\u0101tes profesors un latvie\u0161u sektora rektors, bet Lilija str\u0101d\u0101ja universit\u0101tes m\u0101c\u012bbu l\u012bdzek\u013cu apg\u0101d\u0101. \u0100rpus darba Lilija apzin\u0101ja interesentes un organiz\u0113ja air\u0113\u0161anas treni\u0146us, ta\u010du jau 1947. gada sezon\u0101 jaun\u0101 komanda izira, jo Baltijas Universit\u0101te tika p\u0101rcelta uz Pinebergu un da\u013ca studen\u0161u izbrauca darbos uz Angliju. P\u0113c Melburnas Universit\u0101tes uzaicin\u0101juma 1948. gad\u0101 Dunsdorfi emigr\u0113ja uz Austr\u0101liju, kur v\u012brs Edgars str\u0101d\u0101ja par universit\u0101tes docentu. T\u0101 k\u0101 Lilijai piemita ar\u012b muzik\u0101las dot\u012bbas, no 1969. l\u012bdz 1972. gadam vi\u0146a stud\u0113ja m\u016bzikas teoriju Melburnas Universit\u0101t\u0113. 1949. gad\u0101 tika dibin\u0101ta Melburnas latvie\u0161u biedr\u012bba, un vien\u0101 no pirmaj\u0101m s\u0113d\u0113m tika nolemts, ka pie biedr\u012bbas b\u016btu j\u0101veido bibliot\u0113ka. T\u0101s organiz\u0113\u0161anas darbi tika uztic\u0113ti Lilijai, un k\u0101 bibliot\u0113kas p\u0101rzine vi\u0146a darboj\u0101s l\u012bdz pat 1999. gadam. Melburnas latvie\u0161u biedr\u012bbas bibliot\u0113kas (MLB) izveido\u0161ana bija izaicin\u0101jumiem pilna. Galvenais \u0161\u0137\u0113rslis pilnv\u0113rt\u012bgai darb\u012bbai bija telpu neesam\u012bba gr\u0101matu novieto\u0161anai. Pagaidu pajumte pirmaj\u0101m gr\u0101mat\u0101m un trimdas publik\u0101ciju s\u016bt\u012bjumiem no V\u0101cijas tika rasti biedr\u012bbas priek\u0161nieka Hugo Misi\u0146a m\u0101j\u0101s. Kad 1955. gad\u0101 latvie\u0161i ieguva savu namu Elvud\u0101, bibliot\u0113ka nom\u0101ja istabu un iek\u0101rtotajos bibliot\u0113kas plauktos izvietoja jau 2500 s\u0113jumu. Lielu darbu un izdomu Lilija ielika kartot\u0113kas iek\u0101rto\u0161an\u0101, izveidojot kart\u012b\u0161u sist\u0113mu, k\u0101 ar\u012b veltot daudz laika sarakst\u0113s ar izdevniec\u012bb\u0101m, cit\u0101m latvie\u0161u bibliot\u0113k\u0101m \u0101rpus Latvijas, da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m organiz\u0101cij\u0101m un priv\u0101tperson\u0101m. Liel\u0101 neatlaid\u012bba, mekl\u0113jot visas \u0101rpus Latvijas iespiest\u0101s gr\u0101matas un periodiku, vainagoj\u0101s pan\u0101kumiem \u2013 MLB k\u013cuva par pasaul\u0113 liel\u0101ko \u0101rzem\u0113s izdoto latvie\u0161u gr\u0101matu un periodisko izdevumu kr\u0101tuvi. Gr\u0101matas, publik\u0101cijas, bro\u0161\u016bras, laikraksti un citi izdevumi iepl\u016bda no ASV, Kan\u0101das, Lielbrit\u0101nijas, V\u0101cijas, Austr\u0101lijas un cit\u0101m zem\u0113m \u2013 visi r\u016bp\u012bgi sistematiz\u0113ti un nokomplekt\u0113ti. 1982. gad\u0101 vair\u0101k nek\u0101 30 gadus ilgaj\u0101 darb\u012bbas laik\u0101 bibliot\u0113kai bija izdevies sav\u0101kt vair\u0101k nek\u0101 80 % no trimdas izdevumiem \u2013 13 225 vien\u012bbas, kas public\u0113ti no 1940. l\u012bdz 1970. gadam. Uzreiz p\u0113c Latvijas neatkar\u012bbas atjauno\u0161anas bibliot\u0113ka s\u0101ka uzkr\u0101t l\u012bdzek\u013cus, ar m\u0113r\u0137i gr\u0101matas p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012bt uz Latviju. 20. gs. 90. beig\u0101s Lilija nodibin\u0101ja sakarus ar Misi\u0146a bibliot\u0113ku R\u012bg\u0101 par bibliot\u0113kas pamatkr\u0101juma nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161ana uz R\u012bgu un t\u0101 d\u0101vin\u0101\u0161anu Misi\u0146a bibliot\u0113kai. Bija iecere, ka Melburnas bibliot\u0113ku turpm\u0101k veidos no jauna, atbilsto\u0161i n\u0101kam\u0101s paaudzes vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un pras\u012bb\u0101m. 1999.\u20132000. darb\u012bbas gad\u0101 MLB p\u0101rzines darbu Lilija nodeva t\u0101l\u0101k savai uzticamajai pal\u012bdzei Olgai Sili\u0146ai. 2000. gad\u0101 bibliot\u0113kas kr\u0101jum\u0101 atrad\u0101s 17 863 gr\u0101matas un periodikas komplekti, 85 ska\u0146u plates un 2287 radio raid\u012bjumi, ieska\u0146oti 1119 ska\u0146u lent\u0113s. Bez darba bibliot\u0113k\u0101 Lilija bija liels balsts v\u012bram profesoram Edgaram Dunsdorfam, pal\u012bdzot redi\u0123\u0113t un iespie\u0161anai sak\u0101rtot vi\u0146a sarakst\u012bt\u0101s gr\u0101matas, k\u0101 ar\u012b periodisko rakstu kr\u0101jumu \u201cArch\u012bvs\u201d, kur\u0101 ir ar\u012b pa\u0161as Lilijas raksti par latvie\u0161u trimdas gr\u0101matniec\u012bbu. Par ieguld\u012bjumu gr\u0101matniec\u012bbas att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101 Lilija sa\u0146\u0113musi PBLA Kult\u016bras fonda Atzin\u012bbas rakstu (1973), PBLA Kri\u0161j\u0101\u0146a Barona pr\u0113miju (1986) un Triju Zvaig\u017e\u0146u orde\u0146a I pak\u0101pes (zelta) goda z\u012bmi (1999). Mirusi 2005. gada 10. novembr\u012b Melburn\u0101 Austr\u0101lij\u0101. Pelnu urna apbed\u012bta Rai\u0146a kapos R\u012bg\u0101 l\u012bdz\u0101s v\u012bram Edgaram Dunsdorfam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Politisk\u0101 akt\u012bviste un skolot\u0101ja Kan\u0101d\u0101 Elma Miniate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Akt\u012bva trimdas latvie\u0161u sabiedrisk\u0101 darbiniece Kan\u0101d\u0101, kas darbojusies da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s Kan\u0101das latvie\u0161u organiz\u0101cij\u0101s, veicin\u0101jusi latvisk\u0101s identit\u0101tes saglab\u0101\u0161anu, k\u0101 ar\u012b interes\u0113jusies un inform\u0113jusi trimdas latvie\u0161u sabiedr\u012bbu par politisko un saimniecisko st\u0101vokli, cilv\u0113ku ties\u012bb\u0101m un apst\u0101k\u013ciem Latvij\u0101, organiz\u0113jusi atbalsta akcijas un izv\u0113rsusi savstarp\u0113ju komunik\u0101ciju ar da\u017e\u0101du nozaru p\u0101rst\u0101vjiem Kan\u0101d\u0101 un Latvij\u0101.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Elma Miniate dzimusi 1925. gada 7. maij\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101. M\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s pamatskol\u0101 C\u0113s\u012bs, p\u0113c tam pamatskol\u0101 Valmier\u0101, 1944. gad\u0101 beidza Valmieras Valsts \u0123imn\u0101ziju. Taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 gad\u0101 vi\u0146a apmekl\u0113ja sanit\u0101ru kursus, ta\u010du tos nepabeidza, jo s\u0101ka str\u0101d\u0101t Latvie\u0161u le\u0123iona slimn\u012bc\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101. 1944. gada novembr\u012b kop\u0101 ar slimn\u012bcas person\u0101lu dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz V\u0101ciju, non\u0101kot Pilav\u0101, <\/em>p\u0113c tam Dancig\u0101 (tagad Gda\u0146ska) un Bicov\u0101. 1945. gad\u0101 Elma str\u0101d\u0101ja Latvie\u0161u le\u0123iona slimn\u012bc\u0101 \u0160ver\u012bn\u0113 par slimnieku kop\u0113ju, p\u0113c tam slimn\u012bc\u0101 L\u012bbek\u0101. 1945. gada ruden\u012b Elma dz\u012bvoja b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113 Meln\u0113, v\u0113l\u0101k nometn\u0113 G\u0113staht\u0101. <\/em>1946. gada mart\u0101 vi\u0146a uzs\u0101ka \u0137\u012bmijas studijas Baltijas Universit\u0101t\u0113 Hamburg\u0101, ta\u010du jau maij\u0101 dev\u0101s uz Lielbrit\u0101niju, kur kop\u0101 ar v\u012bru str\u0101d\u0101ja m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 z\u012bda fabrik\u0101 \u201cCourtaulds<\/em>\u201d. 1950. gad\u0101 Elma dev\u0101s uz Kan\u0101du, apmet\u0101s uz dz\u012bvi London\u0101 Ont\u0101rio provinc\u0113 un s\u0101ka str\u0101d\u0101t par laboratorijas asistenti slimn\u012bc\u0101. T\u0101 k\u0101 v\u012brs O\u013c\u0123erts bija veterin\u0101r\u0101rsts, 1955. gad\u0101 vi\u0146i p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s uz Hairiveras pils\u0113tu Albertas provinc\u0113, kur O\u013c\u0123ertam bija veterin\u0101rprakse. 1964. gad\u0101 vi\u0146i atgriez\u0101s Ont\u0101rio, un Elma s\u0101ka stud\u0113t mikrobiolo\u0123iju Gvelfas Universit\u0101t\u0113 (The University of Guelph<\/em>), 1972. gad\u0101 ieg\u016bstot zin\u0101t\u0146u bakalaura gr\u0101du mikrobiolo\u0123ij\u0101. Turpm\u0101k, l\u012bdz pat aizie\u0161anai pensij\u0101 1993. gad\u0101, vi\u0146a str\u0101d\u0101ja par bio\u0137\u012bmijas laboratorijas asistenti Gvelfas Universit\u0101t\u0113. Paral\u0113li pamatdarbam Elma bija Hamiltonas latvie\u0161u Kristus eva\u0146\u0123\u0113liski luterisk\u0101s draudzes vald\u0113, Daugavas Vanagu organiz\u0101cijas Kan\u0101d\u0101 valdes \u0100r\u0113j\u0101s inform\u0101cijas nozares vad\u012bt\u0101ja, latvie\u0161u studen\u0161u korpor\u0101cijas \u201cGundega\u201d biedre, Latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101l\u0101s apvien\u012bbas Kan\u0101d\u0101 Inform\u0101cijas un politisk\u0101s nozares vad\u012bt\u0101ja, akt\u012bvi darboj\u0101s Baltijas Sievie\u0161u padom\u0113 un 10 gadus bija t\u0101s viceprezidente. Daudzus gadus Elma str\u0101d\u0101ja Kan\u0101das Albertas un Ont\u0101rio provin\u010du latvie\u0161u skol\u0101s \u2013 latvie\u0161u skol\u0101 Kalgari, kur pal\u012bdz\u0113ja to organiz\u0113t un m\u0101c\u012bja skol\u0113nus, un Hamilton\u0101, kur nostr\u0101d\u0101ja 30 gadus. Elma akt\u012bvi darboj\u0101s Kan\u0101das komitej\u0101 par cilv\u0113kties\u012bb\u0101m Latvij\u0101. Elmas sabiedrisk\u0101 darb\u012bba ietv\u0113ra ar\u012b runu veido\u0161anu radiop\u0101rraid\u0113m, ierun\u0101\u0161anai paredz\u0113to Latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101l\u0101s apvien\u012bbas Kan\u0101d\u0101 \u201c\u012aszi\u0146u\u201d par notikumiem Latvij\u0101 sagatavo\u0161anu, rakstus periodiskiem izdevumiem, dal\u012bbu da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s protesta akcij\u0101s un demonstr\u0101cij\u0101s, refer\u0101tu las\u012b\u0161anu da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m auditorij\u0101m, pal\u012bdz\u012bbas akciju daudzb\u0113rnu \u0123imen\u0113m Latvij\u0101 organiz\u0113\u0161anu, atbalstu Latvijas mazpils\u0113tu un lauku skol\u0101m u. tml. Elma bija izv\u0113rsusi ar\u012b pla\u0161u saraksti ar Kan\u0101das un ASV vald\u012bbu p\u0101rst\u0101vjiem, da\u017e\u0101du preses izdevumu redakcij\u0101m, sabiedriskaj\u0101m organiz\u0101cij\u0101m, da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m person\u0101m un sabiedriskaj\u0101m organiz\u0101cij\u0101m Latvij\u0101. Elma aizg\u0101ja m\u016b\u017e\u012bb\u0101 2011. gada 24. apr\u012bl\u012b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Las\u012bt vair\u0101k<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Baltie\u0161u balss br\u012bvaj\u0101 pasaul\u0113 – \u017eurn\u0101liste Dagm\u0101ra Vallena<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Talant\u012bga \u017eurn\u0101liste, kas guvusi lielus nopelnus ar latvie\u0161u kult\u016bras un sabiedriski politisku notikumu apcer\u0113m da\u017e\u0101dos laikrakstos, ar ilggad\u0113ju \u201cRadio Br\u012bv\u012bba\u201d un \u201cBr\u012bv\u0101 Eiropa\u201d raid\u012bjumu veido\u0161anu un vad\u012b\u0161anu, k\u0101 ar\u012b ar darbo\u0161anos da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s organiz\u0101cij\u0101s. Vien\u012bg\u0101 latvie\u0161u \u017eurn\u0101liste trimd\u0101 ar preses karti Apvienoto N\u0101ciju Organiz\u0101cij\u0101.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Dagm\u0101ra Vallena dzimusi 1928. gada 2. septembr\u012b R\u012bg\u0101, bet gad\u012bjies, ka dzim\u0161anas apliec\u012bb\u0101 ierakst\u012bts 2. oktobris, un t\u0101 ar\u012b palicis. T\u0113vs kapteinis K\u0101rlis Paegle dien\u0113ja armija \u0161t\u0101b\u0101 un bija viens no Latvijas topogr\u0101fiem, kas ik gadu atjaunoja da\u013cu Latvijas milit\u0101ro kar\u0161u. Katru vasaru dz\u012bvojot cit\u0101 viet\u0101, Dagm\u0101ra jau b\u0113rn\u012bb\u0101 iepazina Latviju. M\u0101ti Austru, dzimusi Gaigala, vad\u012bja m\u012blest\u012bba uz dzeju. Vakaros vi\u0146a b\u0113rniem las\u012bja pa\u0161as sacer\u0113tus dzejo\u013cus, t\u0101 rosin\u0101dama interesi jau no maz\u0101m dien\u0101m. 1941. gada maij\u0101, b\u0113got no padomju represij\u0101m, K\u0101rlis Paegle ar sievu Austru, meitu Dagm\u0101ru un d\u0113l\u0113nu Aivaru ierad\u0101s neliel\u0101 Lietuvas me\u017esarga m\u0101j\u0101 me\u017ea vid\u016b. 1943. gad\u0101 t\u0113vs iesaukts le\u0123ion\u0101, nok\u013cuva V\u0101cij\u0101, kara p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101s dien\u0101s krita krievu g\u016bst\u0101 un nekad vairs nesatika \u0123imeni. Dagm\u0101ra bija beigusi divas klases R\u012bgas Valsts 1. \u0123imn\u0101zij\u0101, ta\u010du m\u0101c\u012bbas p\u0101rtrauca kara notikumi. Sarkanajai armijai strauji tuvojoties R\u012bgai, 1944. gada 9. oktobr\u012b m\u0101te ar b\u0113rniem dev\u0101s ar ku\u0123i no R\u012bgas uz V\u0101ciju. 1945. gada 1. maij\u0101 Rostok\u0101 ar seg\u0101s sat\u012btu, masal\u0101m saslimu\u0161u divgad\u012bgo m\u0101si\u0146u Maiju non\u0101ku\u0161i uz ievainoto v\u0101cu karav\u012bru ku\u0123a, ar ko septi\u0146as dienas brauk\u0101ju\u0161i pa j\u016bru, l\u012bdz 8. maij\u0101 piest\u0101ju\u0161i k\u0101d\u0101 neliel\u0101 D\u0101nijas ost\u0101. No turienes d\u0101\u0146i visus k\u0101j\u0101m aizs\u016bt\u012bju\u0161i uz V\u0101ciju. L\u012bdz rudenim nodz\u012bvoju\u0161i Flensburg\u0101 neliel\u0101 dzelzce\u013ca darbn\u012bcu barak\u0101. V\u0113l\u0101 ruden\u012b non\u0101ku\u0161i Vircburgas lielaj\u0101 centr\u0101laj\u0101 nometn\u0113. Tur Dagm\u0101ra beidza latvie\u0161u vidusskolu ar ties\u012bb\u0101m iest\u0101ties augstskol\u0101. Turpat Vircburg\u0101 vienu gadu sp\u0113l\u0113ja \u0122. Saln\u0101 vad\u012btaj\u0101 latvie\u0161u te\u0101tr\u012b un aizr\u0101v\u0101s ar ritmoplastiku (bask\u0101ju dejas) studij\u0101 pie L. Graudi\u0146as. Pirms izce\u013co\u0161anas paguva pusgadu stud\u0113t Minhenes Universit\u0101t\u0113 psiholo\u0123iju. 1950. gada 1. novembr\u012b Paegles ierad\u0101s \u0145ujork\u0101, un ost\u0101 vi\u0146us, k\u0101 toreiz daudzus citus, sagaid\u012bja m\u0101c\u012bt\u0101js Rihards Zari\u0146\u0161 un Helm\u0101rs Rudz\u012btis ar laikraksta \u201cLaiks\u201d jaun\u0101ko numuru. Dagm\u0101ra iest\u0101j\u0101s Nebraskas Valsts universit\u0101t\u0113 Linkoln\u0101. Tur vi\u0146a apprec\u0113j\u0101s ar Eduardu Vallenu, un 1953. gad\u0101 vi\u0146iem piedzima d\u0113ls Ansis. Linkoln\u0101 s\u0101k\u0101s ar\u012b Dagm\u0101ras sabiedriskais darbs \u2013 kop\u0101 ar m\u0101c\u012bt\u0101ju Herbertu Jesiferu vi\u0146a pal\u012bdz\u0113ja latvie\u0161u \u0123imen\u0113m ar ang\u013cu valodu, k\u0101 ar\u012b liecin\u0101ja amerik\u0101\u0146u draudz\u0113s par latvie\u0161u tautas lielo tra\u0123\u0113diju. 1955. gada s\u0101kum\u0101 Dagm\u0101ra ar \u0123imeni p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s uz \u010cik\u0101gu, kur str\u0101d\u0101ja Zilaj\u0101 krust\u0101, v\u0113l\u0101k k\u0101d\u0101 norv\u0113\u0123u firm\u0101 ar datoru. 1958. gad\u0101 Dagm\u0101ra s\u0101ka rakst\u012bt report\u0101\u017eas un zi\u0146ojumus laikrakstam \u201cLatvija Amerik\u0101\u201d, un v\u0113l\u0101k tika aicin\u0101ta k\u013c\u016bt par \u0161\u012b izdevuma \u010cik\u0101gas redaktori. 1967. gada mart\u0101 Dagm\u0101ra s\u0101ka str\u0101d\u0101t BATUN biroj\u0101 par biroja vad\u012bt\u0101ju, kas tika iek\u0101rtots \u0145ujorkas kato\u013cu draudzes nam\u0101. Lai ieg\u016btu BATUN darbam vajadz\u012bgo inform\u0101ciju un dokumentus, Dagm\u0101rai izdev\u0101s akredit\u0113ties k\u0101 \u017eurn\u0101listei ANO preses korpus\u0101, k\u013c\u016bstot par vien\u012bgo latvie\u0161u \u017eurn\u0101listi trimd\u0101 ar preses karti ANO. Parasti \u017eurn\u0101listi bija tikai no ANO dal\u012bbvalst\u012bm. \u0160\u012b privil\u0113\u0123ija deva pamatu s\u0101kt rakst\u012bt par starptautiskiem jaut\u0101jumiem ar\u012b laikrakst\u0101 \u201cLaiks\u201d un citos trimdas izdevumos. K\u0101 ANO \u017eurn\u0101liste vi\u0146a darboj\u0101s no 1968. l\u012bdz 1993. gadam. 1975. gad\u0101 Dagm\u0101ra sa\u0146\u0113ma uzaicin\u0101jumu str\u0101d\u0101t par latvie\u0161u p\u0101rst\u0101vi \u201cRadio Br\u012bv\u012bba\u201d programmas centr\u0101 \u0145ujork\u0101. Darbs radio apvienoja daudz\u0101s Dagm\u0101ras intereses un dot\u012bbas. Sv\u0113tkiem un atcer\u0113m tika veidotas speci\u0101las programmas, sag\u0101d\u0101tas report\u0101\u017eas no neskait\u0101miem kongresiem, konferenc\u0113m, saietiem, Dziesmu sv\u0113tkiem. \u0160o darbu vi\u0146a veica l\u012bdz 1993. gadam, kad \u0145ujorkas radio programmas centra darb\u012bbu sl\u0113dza un Dagm\u0101ra atva\u013cin\u0101j\u0101s. Mantojum\u0101 palicis simtiem interviju ar izcil\u0101m trimdas person\u012bb\u0101m. L\u012bdz\u0101s \u017eurn\u0101listes arodam Dagm\u0101ra daudz laika ziedoja sabiedriskam darbam, darbojoties Latvie\u0161u preses biedr\u012bb\u0101, Daugavas Vanagos, sv\u0113tdienas skol\u0101, pretkomunistisk\u0101s organiz\u0101cij\u0101s, \u0112rika Raistera piemi\u0146a fond\u0101 un pal\u012bdz\u012bbas darb\u0101 Latvij\u0101. Daugavas Vanad\u017eu priek\u0161nieces amat\u0101 nostr\u0101d\u0101ti asto\u0146i gadi. P\u0113c aizie\u0161anas pensij\u0101 vi\u0146a katru gadu Latvij\u0101 person\u012bgi apciemoja kara inval\u012bdus un inval\u012bdu atraitnes, nodeva vi\u0146iem Daugavas Vanagu sag\u0101d\u0101to pabalstu, pal\u012bdz\u0113ja citiem tr\u016bc\u012bgiem un slimiem cilv\u0113kiem. Par savu sabiedrisko devumu Dagm\u0101ra apbalvota ar Amerikas Latvie\u0161u apvien\u012bbas Izgl\u012bt\u012bbas nozares goda rakstu (1966), Daugavas Vanagu noz\u012bmi zelt\u0101 (1983), bet 1986. gad\u0101 Dagm\u0101rai pie\u0161\u0137irta \u0112rika Raistera piemi\u0146as fonda balva par ilggad\u0113ju un sekm\u012bgu darbo\u0161anos \u017eurn\u0101listik\u0101, \u012bpa\u0161i nacion\u0101lpolitisku un kultur\u0101lu notikumu apcer\u0113\u0161an\u0101. Dz\u012bves izska\u0146\u0101 Dagm\u0101ra atgriez\u0101s Latvij\u0101 un dev\u0101s m\u016b\u017e\u012bb\u0101 2013. gada 8. j\u016blij\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101. Dagm\u0101ras profesion\u0101lais ce\u013c\u0161 iedvesmojis ar\u012b d\u0113lu Ansi k\u013c\u016bt par talant\u012bgu un veiksm\u012bgu \u017eurn\u0101listu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dagm\u0101ras Vallenas ska\u0146u ieraksti <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Radio Br\u012bv\u0101 Eiropa radioraid\u012bjums, 1975. gads. Dagm\u0101ra Vallena sarun\u0101jas ar biju\u0161o Padomju tirdzniec\u012bbas flotes botsmani P\u0113teri Reini, kur\u0161 1973. gada 14. septembr\u012b nol\u0113ca Eresund\u0101 no padomju zvejas b\u0101zes ku\u0123a “Bora”, apmet\u0101s uz dz\u012bvi D\u0101nij\u0101 un atgriez\u0101s j\u016brnieka arod\u0101 D\u0101nijas r\u0113derej\u0101. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F71_3_314.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Radio Br\u012bv\u0101 Eiropa radioraid\u012bjums, 1976. gads. Dagm\u0101ra Vallena interv\u0113 v\u0113sturnieku Edgaru Andersonu par profesion\u0101lo darb\u012bbu v\u0113stures p\u0113tniec\u012bb\u0101, gr\u0101matu izdo\u0161anu, interesi par hercoga J\u0113kaba vald\u012b\u0161anas periodu Latvijas teritorij\u0101 un Latvijas jauno laiku v\u0113sturi kopum\u0101. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F71_3_321.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Radio Br\u012bv\u0101 Eiropa radioraid\u012bjums, 1976. gads. 1. Dagm\u0101ra Vallena interv\u0113 trimdas latvie\u0161u organiz\u0101cijas “Daugavas Vanagi” dibin\u0101t\u0101ju Vili H\u0101zneru. Dz\u012bves gaitas un darbs ASV. Latvie\u0161u labdar\u012bbas organiz\u0101cijas “Daugavas Vanagi” dibin\u0101\u0161ana, t\u0101s darb\u012bba un uzdevumi. 2. Dagm\u0101ra Vallena interv\u0113 profesoru, Pasaules br\u012bvo latvie\u0161u apvien\u012bbas (PBLA), Amerikas Latvie\u0161u apvien\u012bba (ALA) locekli Daumantu H\u0101zneru. Darbs Republik\u0101\u0146u partij\u0101 un kandid\u0113\u0161ana uz vietu \u0145\u016bd\u017eersijas \u0161tata parlamenta apak\u0161nam\u0101 (s\u0101kot ar 00:09:15). Avots:
LNA_KFFDA_F71_3_322.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Radio Br\u012bv\u0101 Eiropa radioraid\u012bjums, 1990. gads. Dagm\u0101ra Vallena interv\u0113 Latvijas Tautas frontes p\u0101rst\u0101vi Egilu Radzi\u0146u. Egila Radzi\u0146a galvenie uzdevumi ASV. Sadarb\u012bba ar ALA (Amerikas latvie\u0161u apvien\u012bba). Latvijas neatkar\u012bbas atjauno\u0161ana. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F71_3_344.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n

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Latvie\u0161u sabiedr\u012bb\u0101 m\u012bl\u0113t\u0101 m\u0101ksliniece Herta L\u016bse<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Operas soliste, mecosopr\u0101ns, skatuves m\u0101ksliniece un pedago\u0123e, kas ar savu balsi turpin\u0101ja nest cer\u012bbu un priec\u0113t latvie\u0161u sirdis b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113s V\u0101cij\u0101 un liel\u0101kajos latvie\u0161u centros pla\u0161aj\u0101 pasaul\u0113.<\/strong> Pat vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101k\u0101s tautasdziesmas vi\u0146as dzied\u0101jum\u0101 izskan\u0113ja ar smeldzi, kas lika aizmirst telpu un uzburt dzimtenes ainavas.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Herta Mauri\u0146a (prec\u0113jusies L\u016bse) dzimusi 1891. gada 15. mart\u0101 R\u012bg\u0101 dzelzce\u013ca ier\u0113d\u0146a \u0123imen\u0113, kur\u0101 auga kop\u0101 ar br\u0101\u013ciem Em\u012blu un K\u0101rli. Hertas b\u0113rn\u012bba aizrit\u0113ja Vitebsk\u0101. Tur vi\u0146a apmekl\u0113ja Vitebskas draudzes skolu un ministrijas meite\u0146u skolu. Vitebsk\u0101 Herta beidza ar\u012b gr\u0101matved\u012bbas kursus un str\u0101d\u0101ja viet\u0113j\u0101 apri\u0146\u0137a vald\u0113, ta\u010du ilgas p\u0113c dzimtenes lika atgriezties R\u012bg\u0101, kur vi\u0146a str\u0101d\u0101ja par kantoristi izdevniec\u012bb\u0101 \u201cR\u012bgas Av\u012bze\u201d. V\u0113lmi dzied\u0101t Herta \u012bstenoja 1908. gad\u0101, kad pievienoj\u0101s J\u0101zepa Medi\u0146a diri\u0123\u0113tajam Interimte\u0101tra korim. Jau p\u0113c pirm\u0101s publisk\u0101s uzst\u0101\u0161an\u0101s kora sast\u0101v\u0101 Herta ar lielu aizraut\u012bbu s\u0101ka nodoties priv\u0101t\u0101m dzied\u0101\u0161anas studij\u0101m pie dzied\u0101t\u0101ja un vok\u0101l\u0101 pedagoga Paula Saksa. Pirm\u0101 pasaules kara s\u0101kum\u0101 Herta bija spiesta atst\u0101t R\u012bgu, izv\u0113loties atgriezties jau paz\u012bstamaj\u0101 Vitebsk\u0101, kur iek\u0101rtoj\u0101s par gr\u0101matvedi un paral\u0113li turpin\u0101ja dzied\u0101\u0161anu Vitebskas Tautas konservatorij\u0101. 1919. gad\u0101 Herta apprec\u0113j\u0101s ar Eduardu L\u016bsi. \u0160aj\u0101 savien\u012bb\u0101 piedzima meita Velta un d\u0113ls Gun\u0101rs. 1922. gad\u0101 Herta atgriez\u0101s R\u012bg\u0101 un no 1923. gada 15. augusta s\u0101ka darba gaitas Latvijas Nacion\u0101laj\u0101 oper\u0101 k\u0101 operas kora dzied\u0101t\u0101ja, bet 1923. gada decembr\u012b oper\u0101 \u201cJevge\u0146ijs O\u0146egins\u201d ar Larinas lomu jau k\u0101 galveno partiju dzied\u0101t\u0101ja. 1925. gad\u0101, nodibinoties Latvijas Radiofonam, atkl\u0101j\u0101s, ka Hertai ir \u013coti \u201cradiofoniska\u201d balss, t\u0101p\u0113c vi\u0146as koncerti regul\u0101ri skan\u0113ja radio. 20. gs. 30. gados vi\u0146a izvirz\u012bj\u0101s par vienu no iev\u0113rojam\u0101kajiem operas mecosopr\u0101niem, izpildot galven\u0101s lomas vair\u0101kos desmitos operu. Piev\u0113r\u0161oties solo dzied\u0101\u0161anai, Herta apguva \u013coti pla\u0161u dziesmu repertu\u0101ru ne tikai dzimtaj\u0101 valod\u0101, bet ar\u012b it\u0101\u013cu, v\u0101cu, krievu un somu valod\u0101. Herta koncert\u0113ja kop\u0101 ar br\u0101li Em\u012blu Mauri\u0146u, ar\u012b operdzied\u0101t\u0101ju, un citiem ne tikai R\u012bg\u0101 un Latvij\u0101, bet ar\u012b Lietuv\u0101, Igaunij\u0101, Somij\u0101, \u010cehij\u0101, V\u0101cij\u0101, Par\u012bz\u0113 pat kop\u0101 ar Fjodoru \u0160a\u013capinu. Izcilo balss dot\u012bbu, t\u0113lojuma un vok\u0101l\u0101 snieguma d\u0113\u013c Herta k\u013cuva par pirmo mecosopr\u0101nu Latvijas Nacion\u0101laj\u0101 oper\u0101. No 1939. gada vi\u0146a k\u0101 docente piecus gadus m\u0101c\u012bja jaunos dzied\u0101t\u0101jus Latvijas Konservatorij\u0101. 1936. gada 1. j\u016blij\u0101 Herta tika apbalvota ar Triju Zvaig\u017e\u0146u orde\u0146a IV \u0161\u0137iru. 1944. gada ruden\u012b Herta kop\u0101 ar \u0123imeni dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz V\u0101ciju. Tur vi\u0146a kop\u0101 ar citiem latvie\u0161u m\u016bzi\u0137iem bie\u017ei koncert\u0113ja latvie\u0161u b\u0113g\u013cu nometn\u0113s. 1950. gad\u0101 vi\u0146a kop\u0101 ar \u0123imeni p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s uz dz\u012bvi ASV, kur 20. gs. 50. gados izv\u0113rsa pla\u0161u koncertdarb\u012bbu trimdas latvie\u0161u klaus\u012bt\u0101jiem. 1959. gad\u0101 Herta bija viena no \u0145ujorkas latvie\u0161u ska\u0146u m\u0101kslinieku kopas dibin\u0101t\u0101j\u0101m. Latvijas neatkar\u012bbas 43 gadu atceres sv\u0113tkos \u0145ujork\u0101 1961. gada 18. novembr\u012b Herta apbalvota ar latvie\u0161u trimdas Tautas balvu. M\u016b\u017ea nogali Herta aizvad\u012bja Konektikut\u0101, kur 1980. gada 4. apr\u012bl\u012b \u0161\u0137\u012br\u0101s no dz\u012bves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u0113rtas L\u016bses ska\u0146u ieraksti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herta L\u016bse izpilda L\u016bcijas Gar\u016btas ska\u0146darbu “Sv\u0113t\u0101 m\u012bla”. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F1_12_240_08<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Ska\u0146as ieraksts ar Hertas L\u016bses dzied\u0101jumu. Avots: LVA_F2023_2_6_01<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Herta L\u016bse st\u0101sta par savu dz\u012bvi. Avots: LVA_F2023_2_1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Amerikas latvie\u0161u apvien\u012bbas 10. kongresa Tautas balvas pasnieg\u0161ana Hertai L\u016bsei, 1961. gads. Avots: LNA_KFFDA_F15_3_8_011<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n