{"id":67,"date":"2025-07-09T10:08:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T08:08:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diaspora.arhivi.lv\/jaunagaita\/?page_id=67"},"modified":"2025-11-03T16:24:02","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T14:24:02","slug":"makslinieciska-apdare","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/diaspora.arhivi.lv\/jaunagaita\/makslinieciska-apdare\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u0101ksliniecisk\u0101 apdare"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u017durn\u0101ls vienm\u0113r ir izc\u0113lies ar v\u0101ku dizainu, \u017eurn\u0101la kop\u0113jo izk\u0101rtojumu un dizainiskiem risin\u0101jumiem. Pirmajos gados da\u017e\u0101s burtn\u012bc\u0101s m\u0113dza par\u0101d\u012bties ne visai glaimojo\u0161as m\u0101kslas reprodukcijas tehnisko iesp\u0113ju d\u0113\u013c, ta\u010du katras burtn\u012bcas kop\u0113j\u0101 kvalit\u0101te ar katru numuru pieauga. Trimdas laik\u0101 v\u0101kus darin\u0101ju\u0161i vair\u0101k nek\u0101 30 m\u0101kslinieku, visvair\u0101k Ilm\u0101rs Rump\u0113ters, Imants \u0100boli\u0146\u0161, Laimonis Mieri\u0146\u0161, J\u0101nis Gorsv\u0101ns, Ivars Alberts, T\u0101livaldis Stubis u. c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pirm\u0101 numura v\u0101ka noform\u0113jumu veidoja topo\u0161ais arhitekts un Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> tehniskais redaktors Aivars Ronis ar z\u012bm\u0113jumu \u201cLaukmal\u0101\u201d. Uz v\u0101ka redzama latvie\u0161u tautumeita ar gar\u0101m biz\u0113m un vainagu, s\u0113\u017eot lauku mal\u0101 ar ziedu kl\u0113pi un raugoties t\u0101lum\u0101 uz Latvijas ainavu \u2013 pauguriem, me\u017eiem un j\u016bru. Kreisaj\u0101 pus\u0113 \u017eurn\u0101la nosaukums papildin\u0101ts ar tautisku ornamentu joslu. V\u0101ks simboliz\u0113ja nacion\u0101l\u0101s saknes, jaun\u012bbas cer\u012bbu un skatienu n\u0101kotn\u0113. Valters Nollendorfs par pirmajiem v\u0101kiem: \u201cPirmie v\u0101ki bija, ko var\u0113tu saukt nacion\u0101l\u0101 re\u0101lisma stil\u0101, tautiski. Drusku naivi. Taj\u0101 laik\u0101 jau bija tas patriotisms, un es t\u0101 da\u017ereiz smejos \u2013 padomju sist\u0113m\u0101 bija soci\u0101lais re\u0101lisms, mums bija nacion\u0101lais re\u0101lisms, kur\u0161, piem\u0113ram, izpau\u017eas Dzi\u013cuma rom\u0101nos utt.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u017durn\u0101la Jaun\u0101 Gaita<\/em> s\u0101kotn\u0113jiem laidieniem bija tradicion\u0101l\u0101ks v\u0101ka dizains. V\u0101ka noform\u0113jums balst\u012bj\u0101s uz klasisk\u0101m ilustr\u0101cij\u0101m, bie\u017ei izmantojot atsevi\u0161\u0137us kr\u0101sas elementus. V\u0113l\u0101k foto tehnika un ilustr\u0101cijas k\u013cuva par vienu no galvenaj\u0101m Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> art\u0113rij\u0101m. Bag\u0101t\u012bgi izmantojot da\u017e\u0101das tehnisk\u0101s iesp\u0113jas, bija dots ar\u012b vizu\u0101ls ieskats latvie\u0161u t\u0113lot\u0101jm\u0101ksl\u0101, jauno gleznot\u0101ju, grafi\u0137u, skulptoru var\u0113\u0161an\u0101 un te\u0101tra uzvedumos. Reiz\u0113m ar fotogr\u0101fij\u0101m bija pateikts vair\u0101k nek\u0101 ar koment\u0101riem vai ievadrakstiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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T\u0101pat k\u0101 Jaun\u0101 Gaita<\/em> cent\u0101s b\u016bt progres\u012bva sav\u0101 satur\u0101, t\u0101 tiec\u0101s ar\u012b p\u0113c novatorisma v\u0101ku m\u0101kslinieciskaj\u0101 veidol\u0101. Valters Nollendorfs apzin\u0101j\u0101s, ka l\u012bdz\u0161in\u0113jie v\u0101ki bija p\u0101r\u0101k tautiski, sentiment\u0101li un konservat\u012bvi, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c tie nesp\u0113ja piln\u012bb\u0101 atspogu\u013cot \u017eurn\u0101la galveno ideju. Vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101ka mekl\u0113t l\u012bdzsvaru starp trad\u012bciju un jaunradi \u2013 ce\u013cu, kas p\u0101raug ierasto, vienlaikus nezaud\u0113jot saikni ar latvisko kult\u016bras mantojumu. \u0160ajos mekl\u0113jumos Nollendorfs v\u0113rs\u0101s pie da\u017e\u0101diem m\u0101ksliniekiem, aicinot vi\u0146us rad\u012bt vizu\u0101lu t\u0113lu, kas b\u016btu saskan\u012bgs ar Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> garu un idejisko virz\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Valtera Nollendorfa v\u0113stule m\u0101ksliniekam Oj\u0101ram J\u0113genam ar l\u016bgumu izstr\u0101d\u0101t \u017eurn\u0101la Jaun\u0101 Gaita <\/em>v\u0101kus, 1956. gada 21. j\u016bnijs. Avots: Latvijas Nacion\u0101l\u0101 rakstniec\u012bbas un m\u016bzikas muzeja kr\u0101jums.<\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Noz\u012bm\u012bgas izmai\u0146as v\u0101ka dizain\u0101 m\u0113dza atspogu\u013cot latvie\u0161u gr\u016bt\u012bbas pie\u0146emt jauno un v\u0113lmi pietur\u0113ties pie tradicion\u0101l\u0101. To spilgti apliecin\u0101ja 13. numura izn\u0101k\u0161ana 1958. gad\u0101, nomainot l\u012bdz \u0161im deta\u013c\u0101s bag\u0101t\u012bgo un tautiskajos mot\u012bvos ietur\u0113to z\u012bm\u0113jumu vai fotomont\u0101\u017eu uz pavisam ask\u0113tisku v\u0101ka dizainu, atst\u0101jot vien stiliz\u0113tu \u017eurn\u0101la nosaukumu. K\u0101d\u0101 no redakcijas zi\u0146ojumiem min\u0113ts: \u201cP\u0101ris Jaun\u0101s Gaitas p\u0101rst\u0101vji zi\u0146oju\u0161i saimnieciskajai da\u013cai, ka las\u012bt\u0101jos \u013coti noraid\u012bga nost\u0101ja pret jauno JG v\u0101ka iek\u0101rtojumu (neatjauno t\u0101p\u0113c pas\u016bt\u012bjumu). Atskan\u0113jusi pras\u012bba main\u012bt v\u0101ka \u0101r\u0113jo iet\u0113rpu atpaka\u013c uz iepriek\u0161\u0113jo gadu paraugu. No saimniec\u012bbas da\u013cas puses l\u016bdz, lai neapmierin\u0101t\u0101s domas ievieto noda\u013c\u0101 \u201cAr pastnieka g\u0101d\u012bbu\u201d. Aicin\u0101s citus las\u012bt\u0101jus un autorus uz p\u0101rrun\u0101m.\u201d<\/em> Ar 25. numuru main\u0101s v\u0101ka koncepcija – katram numuram tika izstr\u0101d\u0101ts savs individu\u0101ls v\u0101ks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Svar\u012bga loma turpm\u0101ko v\u0101ku un \u017eurn\u0101la satura iek\u0101rtojumam l\u012bdz 60. gadu vidum bija m\u0101kslinieciskajiem redaktoriem – Imantam \u0100boli\u0146am, T\u0101livaldim \u0136i\u0137aukam, Erv\u012bnam Gr\u012bnam un Herbertam Silam, kuri k\u0101 m\u0101kslinieki ar\u012b pa\u0161i m\u0113dza darin\u0101t v\u0101ku z\u012bm\u0113jumus. No ietur\u0113ta stila v\u0101ki k\u013cuva izteiksm\u012bg\u0101ki kr\u0101s\u0101s, form\u0101s un burtu fontos. Ar savu devumu \u012bpa\u0161i izc\u0113lies ir T\u0101livaldis \u0136i\u0137auks, kur\u0161 r\u016bp\u0113jies ne tikai par \u017eurn\u0101la ietvaru, bet ar\u012b par saturu – daudz rakst\u012bjis st\u0101stus, sat\u012bru, intervijas, apceres un recenzijas par m\u0101kslu, literat\u016bru un filmu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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T\u0101lival\u017ea \u0136i\u0137auka pa\u0161portrets, 1969. gads. Avots: LNA_LVA_F2123_8v_105, 4. lp.<\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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No 60. gadu otr\u0101s puses Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> vizu\u0101lo identit\u0101ti b\u016btiski ietekm\u0113ja Ilm\u0101rs Rump\u0113ters, kur\u0161 darboj\u0101s k\u0101 \u017eurn\u0101la m\u0101kslinieciskais redaktors l\u012bdz pat 1999. gadam. Vi\u0146a rad\u012btie v\u0101ka dizaini k\u013cuva par \u017eurn\u0101la viz\u012btkarti, apvienojot latvie\u0161u kult\u016bras simboliku ar modern\u0101 grafisk\u0101 dizaina pa\u0146\u0113mieniem. Vi\u0146a m\u0101kslinieciskaj\u0101 rokrakst\u0101 domin\u0113ja minim\u0101lisms, grafiskas, t\u012bras l\u012bnijas, laukumu dominance ar izteiktu kr\u0101su izmantojumu. Vi\u0146\u0161 bie\u017ei izmantoja latvie\u0161u etnogr\u0101fiskos mot\u012bvus un burtu z\u012bmes, interpret\u0113jot tos modern\u0101, simbolisk\u0101 form\u0101.Vi\u0146a darbi \u017eurn\u0101lu padar\u012bja atpaz\u012bstamu starptautisk\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b. Vi\u0146a darbs b\u016btiski ietekm\u0113ja ar\u012b v\u0113l\u0101kos diasporas dizainerus, un Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> est\u0113tika k\u013cuva par paraugu latvisk\u0101s identit\u0101tes un modernisma sint\u0113zei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Ilm\u0101rs<\/figure>
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Ilm\u0101rs Rump\u0113ters (1929\u20132018) no 60. gadu s\u0101kuma bija ilggad\u0113js Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> m\u0101kslinieciskais redaktors un dizainers, kas izstr\u0101d\u0101ja izdevuma vizu\u0101lo identit\u0101ti un \u017eurn\u0101la logotipu. Dzimis Daugavpil\u012b, \u010detru gadu vecum\u0101 kop\u0101 ar vec\u0101kiem p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s uz R\u012bgu. 1944. gad\u0101, Otr\u0101 pasaules kara laik\u0101, Ilm\u0101rs kop\u0101 ar t\u0113vu un vec\u0101ko br\u0101li dev\u0101s b\u0113g\u013cu gait\u0101s uz V\u0101ciju, bet vi\u0146a m\u0101te Emma (dzimusi Leji\u0146a) kop\u0101 ar jaun\u0101kajiem br\u0101\u013ciem palika Latvij\u0101. 1950. gad\u0101 Rump\u0113teri p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s uz ASV. Korejas kara laik\u0101 Ilm\u0101ru iesauca ASV milit\u0101raj\u0101 dienest\u0101, kur vi\u0146a m\u0101ksliniecisk\u0101s sp\u0113jas tika izmantotas, veidojot instrukciju plak\u0101tus un ilustr\u0101cijas. P\u0113c dienesta beig\u0101m 1954. gad\u0101 vi\u0146\u0161 tika atva\u013cin\u0101ts. Starptautisku atzin\u012bbu Ilm\u0101rs guva ar vi\u0146a rad\u012btajiem \u017eurn\u0101la Jaun\u0101 Gaita<\/em> v\u0101kiem. Papildus profesion\u0101lajam darbam vi\u0146\u0161 nodarboj\u0101s ar glezniec\u012bbu, logotipu un firmas z\u012bmju izstr\u0101di, fotogr\u0101fiju un gr\u0101matu v\u0101ku un ilustr\u0101ciju veido\u0161anu izdevniec\u012bbai \u201cGr\u0101matu Draugs\u201d. Beidzis \u0145\u016barkas (Newark) m\u0101kslas skolu \u0145\u016bd\u017eersij\u0101. Str\u0101d\u0101ja par illustratoru un dizaineru \u0145ujork\u0101. Vi\u0146\u0161 regul\u0101ri piedal\u012bj\u0101s latvie\u0161u m\u0101kslinieku izst\u0101d\u0113s un 1978. gad\u0101 dibin\u0101ja Amerikas latvie\u0161u m\u0101kslinieku apvien\u012bbu (ALMA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foto: Ilm\u0101rs Rump\u0113ters, 1979. gads. Avots: Latvijas Nacion\u0101l\u0101 rakstniec\u012bbas un m\u016bzikas muzeja kr\u0101jums.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pirm\u0101s rekl\u0101mas<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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1960. gad\u0101 redakcija l\u0113ma par labu rekl\u0101mu izvieto\u0161anai \u017eurn\u0101la slej\u0101s, bet ar nosac\u012bjumu, ka t\u0101s ir gaum\u012bgas un nekait\u0113 \u017eurn\u0101la satura m\u0101kslinieciskajam iek\u0101rtojumam. Vair\u0101kum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu k\u0101 potenci\u0101l\u0101s sludin\u0101jumu ievietot\u0101jas tika uzrun\u0101tas sve\u0161tautie\u0161u firmas un organiz\u0101cijas. Bija m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumi ieinteres\u0113t t\u0101das starptautiski paz\u012bstamas firmas k\u0101 Kodak<\/em>, Philips<\/em>, American Airlines<\/em> un lielo gr\u0101matu apg\u0101dus. Jaun\u0101s Gaitas<\/em> m\u0101kslinieciskajam redaktoram bija ties\u012bbas uzlabot sludin\u0101juma \u0101r\u0113jo noform\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gun\u0101rs Irbe k\u0101d\u0101 no redakcijas zi\u0146ojumiem inform\u0113ja: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cJG 52. nr. esam ieguvu\u0161i islandie\u0161u gaisa satiksmes sabiedr\u012bbas Loftleidir sludin\u0101jumu. Mani inspir\u0113ja  zin\u0101ms \u201csentiment\u0101lisms\u201d (esmu loftleidiram pateic\u012bgs par div\u0101m iesp\u0113j\u0101m nok\u013c\u016bt ASV un Kan\u0101d\u0101 \u2013 vi\u0146u l\u0113to cenu d\u0113\u013c) un ar\u012b ideja, ka  ar \u0161\u0101du sludin\u0101jumu JG ieg\u016btu \u012bpa\u0161u presti\u017ea gr\u0101du. P\u0113c \u0161\u012b sludin\u0101juma  varb\u016bt \u201catv\u0113rsies acis\u201d ar\u012b cit\u0101m firm\u0101m.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 lapa<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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N\u0101kam\u0101 lapa<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u017durn\u0101ls vienm\u0113r ir izc\u0113lies ar v\u0101ku dizainu, \u017eurn\u0101la kop\u0113jo izk\u0101rtojumu un dizainiskiem risin\u0101jumiem. Pirmajos gados da\u017e\u0101s burtn\u012bc\u0101s m\u0113dza par\u0101d\u012bties ne visai glaimojo\u0161as m\u0101kslas reprodukcijas tehnisko iesp\u0113ju d\u0113\u013c, ta\u010du katras burtn\u012bcas kop\u0113j\u0101 kvalit\u0101te ar katru numuru pieauga. Trimdas laik\u0101 v\u0101kus darin\u0101ju\u0161i vair\u0101k nek\u0101 30 m\u0101kslinieku, visvair\u0101k Ilm\u0101rs Rump\u0113ters, Imants \u0100boli\u0146\u0161, Laimonis Mieri\u0146\u0161, J\u0101nis Gorsv\u0101ns, Ivars Alberts, … <\/p>\n

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